nature vs nurture - brain and neurons topic 1 Flashcards
Differentiate between Psychology and Biology with an example of an area from each field.
phycology pertains specifically the study of the mind and mental processes.
area = clinical phycology
Biology looks at the physical structures of the brain, their functions and the chemical/electrical actions.
area= genetic biology
Identify 2 areas of Psychology
clinical and forensic phycology
Identify 3 areas of Biology.
ecology, genetics, cell biology
Identify the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system
sympathetic and parasympathetic division
Identify the two divisions of the peripheral NS.
somatic and autonomic system
Identify the role of the somatic NS.
allows you to move and control muscles throughout your body
Differentiate between the roles of the sympathetic and parasympathetic NS.
The sympathetic system carries signals that put your bodies system on alert
parasympathetic carries signals that relax those systems
Identify and explain the roles of each lobe of the brain.
frontal in the front: problem solving, planning, decision making, emotions
parietal in the middle: sensory, direction
occipital in the back: visual
temporal in the middle: recognising faces, places, songs and paintings
Identify and explain the roles of each of the speciality cortical areas.
primary motor cortex: voluntary movement
somatosensory cortex: receives and processes information
visual cortex: vision
auditory cortex: regonize faces, places, songs and paintings
Differentiate between Wernicke’s and Broca’s area with regard to function and location.
Wernicke’s area controls the ability to understand the meaning of words
Broca’s area controls the ability to speak those words.
Explain the role of the cerebellum.
coordinating movement and balance.
Identify and explain the role of each of the three types of neurons.
motor neurons: transmit information to our muscles
sensory neurons: transmit information to enable our senses
interneurons: aid transmission between motor and sensory neurons.
Explain the role of the dendrite, soma, axon, axon terminal and myelin.
dendrite: receive information from other neurons
soma: contains genetic information
axon: electrical impulses from the neuron travel away to be received by other neurons
axon terminal: allows the neuron to conduct electrical impulse down to another neuron
myelin: allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells
Explain the process of synaptic transmission.
the process by which one neuron communicates with another.
Differentiate between an excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter.
An excitatory transmitter helps a neuron send an electrical signal called an action potential to another neuron.
an inhibitory transmitter prevents it.
A neurotransmitter’s depends on the receptor it attaches to.
