NATURE VS. NURTURE

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

A tightly-wound strand of DNA

Question 2

Phenotype

Answer 2

The traits that are expressed by a particular genotype

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

A segment of DNA molecules that can synthesize a protein

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

A special large molecule that carries a cell’s genetic code

Question 5

Genotype

Answer 5

The particular alleles that an individual receives (Inherits)

Question 6

Alelle

Answer 6

One version of a gene that can take different forms

Question 7

Genotype vs. Phenotype

Answer 7

Inherited genes (Genotype) vs. What genes are expressed (Phenotype)

Question 8

Natural Selection

Answer 8

Favors organisms with advantageous traits, leading to their increased survival and reproduction.

Ex. White furred rabbits surviving in snowy conditions as opposed to brown furred due to being less likely to be spotted

Question 9

Mate Selection

Answer 9

The process of choosing a partner for reproduction based on traits that suggest fertility, health, and ability to provide resources, influenced by evolutionary pressures for maximizing reproductive success.

Question 10

Aggression

Answer 10

Behavior involving the intent to cause harm or dominance, often shaped by evolutionary pressures such as competition for resources, territory, or mates, with adaptive advantages for survival and reproduction in ancestral environments.

Question 11

Altruism (Helping others)

Answer 11

Selfless actions aimed at benefiting others, even at a cost to oneself, which may be explained by evolutionary theories such as kin selection (favoring genetic relatives) and reciprocal altruism (benefiting from future assistance)

Question 12

Naturalistic Fallacy

Answer 12

Occurs when someone assumes that because something is natural, it is therefore good, moral, or desirable.

Ex. Just because certain animals in the wild engage in aggressive behavior doesn’t mean it’s morally acceptable for humans to do the same.

Question 13

Deterministic Fallacy

Answer 13

Occurs when someone assumes that because something is determined or influenced by biology or genetics, it is therefore inevitable and unchangeable.

Ex. Believing that because someone has a genetic predisposition to obesity, they are destined to be overweight and cannot change their lifestyle to improve their health.