Nature of operations management

Question 1

What is operations management?

Answer 1

It is the development and administration of activities involved in transforming resources into goods and services, also known as production or manufacturing

Question 2

What is manufacturing?

Answer 2

These activities and processes used in making tangible product also called production

Question 3

What are operations?

Answer 3

These are activities used in making both tangible and intangible product

Question 4

What is the transformation process?

Answer 4

This is when inputs such as labour money and material are converted into product such as good and services

Question 5

What is the difference between manufacturers and service providers?

Answer 5

Service requires more customer contact and performance of service typically or cares at the point of consumption manufactures and service providers differ in the nature and consumption of their goods

Service providers have less control over the amount of resources provided. services are more customisable to each custom

Services are more labour-intensive due to the high-level of customer contact

The intangibility of service product makes measurement more difficult unlike manufacturer where the product may be if the counted

Question 6

How does the planning procedure work in our operation system?

Answer 6

A company must determine what customers want and then design a product to satisfy these wants. once the idea is developed it must be planned how the product will be produced. The type and quantity of materials needed the productions skill and quantity of employees and the process

Question 7

What is standardisation?

Answer 7

This is making of I dentical interchangeable components or even complete products which speeds up production and quality control while reducing production cost

Question 8

What is a modular design?

Answer 8

When a project id built in a self-contained unit or module that can be combined or interchangeable to create different products such as KitchenAid

Question 9

What is customisation?

Answer 9

This is the make of products that a particular customers needs or want

mass customisation is making a product that meet the needs or wants of a large group of people such as colour size design

Question 10

What is a Blockchain?

Answer 10

It is a secure database that calls all transactions and is spread across multiple computers

Question 11

What is capacity planning?

Answer 11

This refers to the maximum load that an organisation can carry out or operate. The unit of measurement maybe workers or machine

Too low means unmet demand or loss of customers
Too high means higher operational cost

Question 12

What is facility planning?

Answer 12

This is the section of the location which availability of materials, transportation, electricity, and labour all have to be considered in this selection

Question 13

What is fixed position layout?

Answer 13

It is when all reverses to create a product approach to a central location. It may be called project organisation

Question 14

What is product layout?

Answer 14

This is when production is broken down into relatively simple test assigned to workers who are positioned along an assembly line also known as continuous manufacturing organisation

Question 15

What is the computer-assisted design CAD?

Answer 15

This helps engineers design components products and processes on a computer

Question 16

What is the computer assisted manufacturing CAM?

Answer 16

This is when a specialised computer system actually guides and controls the transformation process

Question 17

What is flexible manufacturing?

Answer 17

It is when a computer can direct machinery to adapt to different versions of a similar operation. This results in computer integrated manufacturing.

Question 18

What is sustainability?

Answer 18

Sustainability deals with the contact of activities in such a way as to provide for a long-term well-being of the natural environment

Question 19

What is supply chain management?

Answer 19

This is connecting and integrating all part of the distribution system in order to satisfy customer from up stream, supplies to downstream, the retailers logistics and procurement

Question 20

What is procurement?

Answer 20

This involves the process of obtaining resources to create value through sourcing purchasing and even recycling

Question 21

What is logistics and name of the 3 types of logistics?

Answer 21

Logistic involves physical distribution and selection of transportation which can be

Inbound logistics the movement of raw material and other goods and services from supplier to producer or
Outbound logistics which is the distribution of finish products and information to the final customer
Third-party logistic which involves employing outside firms to move goods and service because it is more efficient

Question 22

What is inventory?

Answer 22

It is all material companies completed or partially completed product and pieces of equipment a firm uses

Question 23

Name the types of inventory and explain them

Answer 23

Finish good inventory these are the products that are ready to be sold
Work in progress inventory these are products that are partially completed or in some stage of the transformation process
Raw Material inventory all the material that have been purchased to be used as input in making the product

Question 24

Name the types of inventory management and explain them

Answer 24

Economic order quantity EOQ identifies the optimum number of items to order to minimize the costs of management

Just in time JIT management this eliminate waste by using smaller quantities of materials that arrive just in time for the transformation process while requiring less storage and inventory management expenses

Material requirement planning this planning system that scheduled the precise quantity of materials needed to make the product

Inventory control the process that determines how many suppliers and goods are needed to keep track of quantity on hand where each item is and who is responsible for it

Question 25

What is outsourcing?

Answer 25

This is the contracting of manufacturers or other tasks to independent companies to improve speed and balance resources against competitive pressure

Question 26

What is routing?

Answer 26

This is the sequence of operations in which a product must pass through depending on the product specification

Question 27

What is scheduling?

Answer 27

The assignment of required task to department such as Program Evaluation and Review Techniques PERT which identifies major activities required to complete a project and arrange them in sequence as well as estimate required time

Question 28

What is quality control?

Answer 28

This is the process and organisation uses to maintain it establish qualities standards

Question 29

What is total quality management? TQM?

Answer 29

Philosophy that uniform commitment of quality in all areas of an organisation will promote a culture that meets customers perceptions of quality

Question 30

What is that statistical process control?

Answer 30

System in which management collects and analyses information about the production process to pinpoint problem in a production system

Question 31

What is inspection?

Answer 31

This reveals whether the product makes the qualities standards 

Question 32

What is sampling?

Answer 32

When company select a few products which are tested as it is cost-effective than trying to testing everything in case of damages as it may be expensive and other additional equipment may be needed

Question 33

Name the international organisation standardisation standards

Answer 33

ISO 9000 define customer quality standards and meets
ISO 14000 defined environmental standards that encourage cleaner and a safer world
ISO 19600 addresses risks legal requirements and stakeholder needs