Nature of operations management Flashcards
What is operations management?
It is the development and administration of activities involved in transforming resources into goods and services, also known as production or manufacturing
What is manufacturing?
These activities and processes used in making tangible product also called production
What are operations?
These are activities used in making both tangible and intangible product
What is the transformation process?
This is when inputs such as labour money and material are converted into product such as good and services
What is the difference between manufacturers and service providers?
Service requires more customer contact and performance of service typically or cares at the point of consumption manufactures and service providers differ in the nature and consumption of their goods
Service providers have less control over the amount of resources provided. services are more customisable to each custom
Services are more labour-intensive due to the high-level of customer contact
The intangibility of service product makes measurement more difficult unlike manufacturer where the product may be if the counted
How does the planning procedure work in our operation system?
A company must determine what customers want and then design a product to satisfy these wants. once the idea is developed it must be planned how the product will be produced. The type and quantity of materials needed the productions skill and quantity of employees and the process
What is standardisation?
This is making of I dentical interchangeable components or even complete products which speeds up production and quality control while reducing production cost
What is a modular design?
When a project id built in a self-contained unit or module that can be combined or interchangeable to create different products such as KitchenAid
What is customisation?
This is the make of products that a particular customers needs or want
mass customisation is making a product that meet the needs or wants of a large group of people such as colour size design
What is a Blockchain?
It is a secure database that calls all transactions and is spread across multiple computers
What is capacity planning?
This refers to the maximum load that an organisation can carry out or operate. The unit of measurement maybe workers or machine
Too low means unmet demand or loss of customers
Too high means higher operational cost
What is facility planning?
This is the section of the location which availability of materials, transportation, electricity, and labour all have to be considered in this selection
What is fixed position layout?
It is when all reverses to create a product approach to a central location. It may be called project organisation
What is product layout?
This is when production is broken down into relatively simple test assigned to workers who are positioned along an assembly line also known as continuous manufacturing organisation
What is the computer-assisted design CAD?
This helps engineers design components products and processes on a computer
What is the computer assisted manufacturing CAM?
This is when a specialised computer system actually guides and controls the transformation process
What is flexible manufacturing?
It is when a computer can direct machinery to adapt to different versions of a similar operation. This results in computer integrated manufacturing.
What is sustainability?
Sustainability deals with the contact of activities in such a way as to provide for a long-term well-being of the natural environment
What is supply chain management?
This is connecting and integrating all part of the distribution system in order to satisfy customer from up stream, supplies to downstream, the retailers logistics and procurement
What is procurement?
This involves the process of obtaining resources to create value through sourcing purchasing and even recycling
What is logistics and name of the 3 types of logistics?
Logistic involves physical distribution and selection of transportation which can be
Inbound logistics the movement of raw material and other goods and services from supplier to producer or
Outbound logistics which is the distribution of finish products and information to the final customer
Third-party logistic which involves employing outside firms to move goods and service because it is more efficient
What is inventory?
It is all material companies completed or partially completed product and pieces of equipment a firm uses
Name the types of inventory and explain them
Finish good inventory these are the products that are ready to be sold
Work in progress inventory these are products that are partially completed or in some stage of the transformation process
Raw Material inventory all the material that have been purchased to be used as input in making the product
Name the types of inventory management and explain them
Economic order quantity EOQ identifies the optimum number of items to order to minimize the costs of management
Just in time JIT management this eliminate waste by using smaller quantities of materials that arrive just in time for the transformation process while requiring less storage and inventory management expenses
Material requirement planning this planning system that scheduled the precise quantity of materials needed to make the product
Inventory control the process that determines how many suppliers and goods are needed to keep track of quantity on hand where each item is and who is responsible for it
What is outsourcing?
This is the contracting of manufacturers or other tasks to independent companies to improve speed and balance resources against competitive pressure
What is routing?
This is the sequence of operations in which a product must pass through depending on the product specification
What is scheduling?
The assignment of required task to department such as Program Evaluation and Review Techniques PERT which identifies major activities required to complete a project and arrange them in sequence as well as estimate required time
What is quality control?
This is the process and organisation uses to maintain it establish qualities standards
What is total quality management? TQM?
Philosophy that uniform commitment of quality in all areas of an organisation will promote a culture that meets customers perceptions of quality
What is that statistical process control?
System in which management collects and analyses information about the production process to pinpoint problem in a production system
What is inspection?
This reveals whether the product makes the qualities standards 
What is sampling?
When company select a few products which are tested as it is cost-effective than trying to testing everything in case of damages as it may be expensive and other additional equipment may be needed
Name the international organisation standardisation standards
ISO 9000 define customer quality standards and meets
ISO 14000 defined environmental standards that encourage cleaner and a safer world
ISO 19600 addresses risks legal requirements and stakeholder needs
