Nature of Analytical Chemistry Flashcards
Often called the central science
Chemistry
A measurement science consisting of a set of powerful ideas
and methods that are useful in all fields of science, engineering, and medicine.
Analytical Chemistry
True or False
An analyst must be able to design, carry out, and interpret measurements with the context of the fundamental biological problem with which he or she is presented.
False
*fundamental technological problem
Reveals the identity of the constituents (elements and compounds) in a sample.
Qualitative analysis
True or False
Quantitative analysis reveals the identity of the constituents (elements and compounds) in a sample.
False
It is Qualitative Analysis
Indicates the amount of each substance in a sample
Quantitative Analysis
True or False
Qualitative Analysis indicates the amount of each substance in a sample
False
It should be Quantitative Analaysis
For a ________ has a known sensitivity limit so that negative and positive results may be seen in the right perspective.
qualitative analysis
True or False
quantitative analysis is the relation between measurement and analyte must obey a strict and measurable proportionality
True
An indispensable servant of modern technology and has provided an important basis for chemical development.
Chemical analysis
True or False The Function of Analytical Chemistry are: Fundamental Research Product Development Product Quality Control Monitoring and Control of Pollutants Assay Medical and Clinical Studies
True
Fill in the blanks: The Function of Analytical Chemistry are: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Product Development Product Quality Control Monitoring and Control of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Assay Medical and Clinical Studies
Fundamental Research
Pollutants
What is the missing function? The Function of Analytical Chemistry are: Fundamental Research \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Product Quality Control Monitoring and Control of Pollutants Assay Medical and Clinical Studies
Product Development
first steps in unravelling the details of an unknown
Fundamental Research
The design and development of a new product often depend upon establishing a link between its chemical composition and its physical properties or performance
Product Development
involve the identification of its constituents by qualitative chemical analysis
Fundamental Research
True or False
Typical examples of Product Development are development of alloys and formulation of new drugs
False
formulation of new drugs is not included; its under fundamental research
Development of alloys and and polymer composites are what examples under for?
Product Development
raw materials and finished products are subjected to extensive chemical analysis
Product Quality Control
necessary constituents must be kept at the optimum levels
Product Quality Control
Value of the ore is set by its metal content
Assay
True or False
Assay
levels of various elements and compounds in body fluids are important indicators of physiological disorders.
False
Medical and Clinical Studies
Function of Analytical Chemistry except: A. assay B. fundamental research C. product quality control D. screening
D. screening
A measurement or observation in which the sample is replaced by a simulated matrix, the conditions otherwise being identical to those under which a sample would be analyzed
Blank
Sometimes called the variablity
Precision
Constituent of the sample which is to be studied by quantitative measurements or identified qualitatively
Analyte
Process of determining the proportionality between analyte concentration and a measured quantity
Calibration
Closeness of an experimental measurement or result to the true or accepted value
Accuracy
A large proportion of analytical measurements is subject to interference from other constituents of the sample
Separation
Constituent of the sample to be studied by quantitative measurements or identified qualitatively
Analyte
A highly accurate determination
Assay
A procedure which enables the response of an instrument to be related to the mass, volume or concentration of an analyte
Calibration
Amount of a substance present in a given mass or volume of another substance
Concentration
A component of a sample
Constituent
Smallest amount or concentration of an analyte that can be detected by a given procedure and with a given degree of confidence
Detection Limit
True or False
Determination is a quantitative measure of an analyte w/an accuracy of considerably better than than 10%
True
That amount of a substance which can be indirectly equated w/one mole (6.023x1023 of hydrogen ions
Equivalent
A semi-quantitative measure of the amount of an analyte present in a sample; having no accuracy no better than about 10%
Estimation
An effect which alters or obscures the behavior of an analyte
Interference
A compound or element added to all calibration standards and sample in a constant known amount
Internal Standard
Treatment of a sample w/a reagent to prevent interference
Masking
Remainder of the sample of which the analyte forms a part
Matrix
overall description of the instructions
Method
random or indeterminate error associated with a measurement or result
Precision
Whose purity and stability are particularly well established
Primary Standard
A description of the practical steps
Procedure
A chemical used to produce a specified reaction
Reagent
A substance or portion of substance
Sample
Change in the response from an analyte relative to a small variation
Sensitivity
ability of a method to facilitate detection or determination of an analyte
Sensitivity
A pure substance which reacts in a quantitative and known stoichiometric manner
Standard
The principle upon which a group of methods is based
Technique
Response from an analyte is measured before and after adding a known amount of that analyte
Standard Addition
Can be distinguished visually or w/the aid of a microscope
heterogenous
The process of determining how much of a given sample is the material by its indicated name
Assay
volume of standard reagent solution reacting w/analyte
volumetric
weight of pure analyte or of a stoichiometric compound containing it
gravimetric
intensity of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by the analyte
spectrometric
intensity of nuclear radiations emitted by the analyte
radiochemical
electrical properties of analyte solutions
electrochemical
abundance of molecular fragments derived from the analyte
mass spectrometric
physico-chemical properties of individual analytes after separation
chromatographic
physico-chemical properties of the sample as it is heated and cooled
thermal
work for only one analyte
specific
apply to only a few analytes are
selective
