Nature-Nurture Flashcards
nature- nurture debate
centres on the relative contributions of genetic inheritance and environmental factors to human development and behaviour
heredity
process by which traits are passed down genetically from one generation to the next
environment
everything outside the body which can include people, events, and the physical world
interactionist approach
argued several explanations needed to explain a particular behaviour ranging from biological to social or cultural explanations
nature
- behaviour the product of innate biological or genetic factors, results of heredity
- nativist - characteristics are products of evolution, naturally select behaviours with an adaptive advantage
nurture
- behaviour a product of environmental influences
- human mind blank slate gradually filled by experiences
- behavioural differences a result of learning in childhood
nature examples
- Joseph: concordance rates for SZ 40.4% for MZ, 74% for DZ
- Bowlby: theory of attachment an evolutionary adaptation to enhance survival
nurture examples
- Bateson: double bind theory - SZ result of disorder communication within family
- Cupboard love: infants form attachment with secondary reinforcers
interactionist examples
- diathesis stress: predisposition for OCD triggered by major life events e.g divorce
- Maguire et al. environment - being a taxi driver/memorising routes cause hippocampal size to increase
PEEL: nature-nurture
Importance of nature e.g. Jospeh
- shows strong genetic component, can look at family history to identify potential risks
Importance of nurture e.g. Bateson
- shows environmental factors and advise parents on environment to raise their child in
PEEL: interactionist
Useful e.g. Diathesis stress
- looks at both sides, help people with predispositions avoid disorders
