Nature and Variety of Life

Question 1

Movement

Answer 1

The ability to change location or position (e.g. walking, plant tropisms)

Question 2

Reproduction

Answer 2

The production of offspring (e.g. having children, dropping seeds)

Question 3

Sensitivity

Answer 3

The ability to detect and respond to stimuli (e.g. goosebumps)

Question 4

Homeostasis

Answer 4

The ability to maintain stable internal conditions (e.g. body temperature)

Question 5

Growth

Answer 5

The development of an organism/increasing in mass or volume (e.g. growth)

Question 6

Respiration

Answer 6

The release of energy in the cells from food

Question 7

Excretion

Answer 7

Organisms ridding themselves of waste produced by chemical reactions in cells (e.g. urinating)

Question 8

Nutrition

Answer 8

Where organisms acquire the materials needed to carry out all living processes (e.g. eating)

Question 9

What are the life processes?

Answer 9

MRS H GREN Movement, Reproduction, Sensitivity, Homeostasis, Growth, Respiration, Excretion, Nutrition

Question 10

Unicellular organism

Answer 10

A living thing composed of a single cell

Question 11

Organism

Answer 11

An entire living thing that carries out all the basic functions of life

Question 12

Multicellular organism

Answer 12

A living thing composed of multiple cells

Question 13

Organ systems

Answer 13

A group of organs that work together to perform a function (e.g. digestive system)

Question 14

Organ

Answer 14

Several tissues working together to perform a function

Question 15

Tissue

Answer 15

A group of similar cells that perform the same function

Question 16

Cell

Answer 16

The smallest unit of life, made up of organelles

Question 17

Organelle

Answer 17

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

Question 18

Nucleus

Answer 18

Contains chromosomes carrying genetic material, controls which proteins are made

Question 19

Cytoplasm

Answer 19

Where the chemical reactions take place in the cell

Question 20

Cell surface membrane

Answer 20

Controls what enters and leaves the cell (is selectively permeable)

Question 21

Chloroplast

Answer 21

Absorbs light energy to be used in photosynthesis in plants and algae

Question 22

Vacuole

Answer 22

A membrane in the cell that contains cell sap, which stores dissolved sugars, mineral ions and other solutes

Question 23

Cell wall

Answer 23

Gives plant cells structure, made of cellulose

Question 24

Characteristics of plants

Answer 24

Multicellular, contain chloroplasts, autotrophic, have cellulose cell walls, store carbohydrates as starch (e.g. maize, beans)

Question 25

Characteristics of animals

Answer 25

Multicellular, cannot photosynthesise, heterotrophic, no cell walls, have nervous coordination, store carbohydrates as glycogen (e.g. humans, mosquitos)

Question 26

Characteristics of fungi

Answer 26

Unicellular or multicellular, cannot photosynthesise, heterotrophic/saprotrophic, cell walls made of chitin, store carbohydrates as glycogen, organised in hyphae which made a mycelium, can be pathogenic (e.g. mucor, yeast)

Question 27

Protoctista

Answer 27

Unicellular, all have cell membranes cytoplasm and nucleus, some are heterotrophic while some are autotrophic with cellulose cell walls (e.g. plasmodium, chlorella, amoeba)

Question 28

Bacteria

Answer 28

Unicellular, cell wall (made of polysaccharides and proteins) cell membrane and cytoplasm, has no nucleus but has a large circular chromosome surrounded by plasmids, some have a slime capsule, move using flagella, most are heterotrophic (but some are autotrophic) (e.g. lactobacillus bulgaricus)

Question 29

Viruses

Answer 29

Small particles, made of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat, parasitic (can only reproduce inside living cells), pathogenic (e.g. HIV, influenza)