Nature And The Variety Of Living Oraganisms

Question 1

What are the different kingdoms?

Answer 1

Fungi, bacteria, viruses, animals and plants

Question 2

How many kingdoms are there?

Answer 2

5

Question 3

What does MRS C GREN stand for

Answer 3

Move
Respire
Sensitive
Control
Grow
Reproduce
Excrete
Nutrition

Question 4

What are the common feature/characteristics of plants?

Answer 4

Multicellular
Contain chloroplasts
Able to carry out photosynthesis  
Cellulose cell wall
Store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose

Question 5

What are common features/characteristics of animals

Answer 5

Multicellular
Don’t contain chlorophyll so cannot carry out photosynthesis
No cell wall
Usually have nervous coordination and are able to move from place to place
Often store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 6

Common features/characteristics in fungi

Answer 6

Body organised in mycelium (but some are single celled)
Not able to carry out photosynthesis
Cell walls made of chitin
Saprotrophic nutrition(extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes on to food material and the absorption of organic products)
May store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 7

Common features/characteristics of bacteria

Answer 7

Microscopic single celled organisms
Simple cell structure with no nucleus but a single circular chromosome of DNA
Most feed on other living or dead organisms but some can carry out photosynthesis
They have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids

Question 8

Common features/characteristics of viruses

Answer 8

Small particles (smaller than bacteria)
Parasitic and can only reproduce inside living cells
No cellular structure but a protein coat and contains one type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)

Question 9

Example of bacteria

Answer 9

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Pneumococcus

Question 10

What is lactobacillus bulgaricus

Answer 10

A bacteria used in the production of yoghurt. It is rod shaped

Question 11

What is pneumococcus

Answer 11

A spherical bacterium that acts as the pathogen causing pneumonia

Question 12

Examples of viruses

Answer 12

Influenza

Tobacco mosaic virus

Question 13

What is influenza

Answer 13

Tha cause of the flu

Question 14

What is tobacco mosaic virus

Answer 14

It causes the discolouring of the leaves of tobacco plants by preventing the formation of chloroplasts (which will affect photosynthesis and therefore the yield)

Question 15

What are some examples of plants?

Answer 15

Flowering plants - cereal e.g maize
Herbaceous legume (has a soft stem)- peas or beans

Question 16

Examples of animals

Answer 16

Mammals-humans, elephants e.t.c

Insects- houseflies, mosquitos e.t.c

Question 17

How do fungi feed

Answer 17

They feed by extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and the absorption of the organic products-this is known saprotrophic nutrition

Question 18

Examples of fungi

Answer 18

Mucor -contains the typical hyphal structure

Yeast- single celled

Question 19

What are protoctists?

Answer 19

Microscopic single celled organisms

Question 20

An example of a protoctist that has features like an animal cell

Answer 20

Amoeba - lives in pond water

Question 21

An example of a protoctist that has more similar features to a plant

Answer 21

Chlorella- has chloroplasts

Question 22

An example of a pathogenic protoctist

Answer 22

Plasmodium -causes malaria

Question 23

What does the HIV virus cause?

Answer 23

AIDS

Question 24

What can pathogens be in the form of

Answer 24

Pathogens may be fungi, bacteria, protoctists or viruses

Question 25

What is a pathogen

Answer 25

Disease causing

Question 26

What are the levels of organisation within an organism

Answer 26

Oganelle-cells-tissues-organs and systems