nature and nurture debate

Question 1

nature definition

Answer 1

view that behaviour is a product of innate (bioloigcal and genetic factors)

Question 2

nurture defintion

Answer 2

view that bheaviour is a product of enviromental infleunces

Question 3

example of nature

Answer 3

Bowbly
proprosed that children come into the world biolgcally programmed to form attachtments to survive
suggests attachemnt behaviours are naturally selected
passed on as result of genetic inheritance
supported by animal research e.g lorenz and ahrlows study

Question 4

nurture example

Answer 4

behaviorist
explin attachemnt in terms of classical conditioning
food is associated with mother

Question 5

free will and determinism definition of debate

Answer 5

extent to which behaviour is the result of forces over which we have no control or whether people are able to decide for themselves whether too act or behave in a certain way

Question 6

free will

Answer 6

idea that humans play active role and can make choices in how we behave
indivduals are free to choose their behaviour and are not detemrined by bioolgoical or external factors

Question 7

how humanistic approach takes free will stance in psychology

Answer 7

sugegsts we are reponsible for our own behaviour (active agents)
regardless of external events in past or present
behaviour is not result of any single cause

Question 8

determinism

Answer 8

view that individuals behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external factors rather then an indivduals will to do something

Question 9

TYpes of determinism

Answer 9

Hard
Soft
biological
enviromental
pscyhic

Question 10

hard detmerinism

Answer 10

implies that free will is nto impossible as behaviour is always controlled by internal or external events beyond our control
seen as incompatible with free will

Question 11

soft determinism

Answer 11

view that behaviour is contained by the enviorment or biological makeup but only to a certain extent
there is an elemt of free will in all behaviour

Question 12

biolgoical detmerism

Answer 12

belive beheaviour is caused by biological infleunces which we cannot control
e.g high levels of testerone cause aggressive behaviours

Question 13

enviromental determisism

Answer 13

behaviour is caused by features of the enviroment that we cannot control

Question 14

physic determinsim

Answer 14

belief that behaviour is caused by unconcious conflicts which we cannot control

Question 15

holism vs reductionism

Answer 15

concerned with the levl at which it is appropriate to explain behaviour
reductionist explantions attempt to break down thoughts and actions ito the smallest simplest parts
holistic explantiona consider the person as a whole

Question 16

holism

Answer 16

belief that behaviour can only be understood by analysying person as a whole rather then constituent parts

Question 17

reducationsim

Answer 17

analysing behaviour by breaking it down into simple components as complex behaviour is best understood in terms of s simplier level of explanation

Question 18

idiographic approach explanation

Answer 18

approach that focuses on the individual and empahsises the unique personal experience of human nature

Question 19

nomothetic approach

Answer 19

approach that attempts to explain behaviour through development of general laws that apply to large groups of people