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psychology > nature and definition of psychology > Flashcards

nature and definition of psychology Flashcards

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0
Q

two greek words logos and psyche meaning

A

study and mind or soul

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1
Q

is the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. it is concerned with what people do, how they do it and why they do it

A

psychology

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2
Q

is the father of psychology because he is the first person to put into writing his explanation about behavior

A

Aristotle

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3
Q

it is scientific because
a.
b.
c.

A

systematic (it follows certain steps)
empirical (based on truth/previous inv.
dependent upon measurement (uses iq test and personality test

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4
Q

are responses/reactions/activities made by people

A

behavior

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5
Q

behaviors that can be seen by others

A

overt or extrinsic

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6
Q

behaviors that cannot be directly seen but can be inferred

A

covert or intrinsic

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7
Q

the person is fully aware that he is doing the behavior

A

conscious

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8
Q

done by a person yet he is not fully aware that he is doing it

A

unconscious

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9
Q

which may be detected by instruments or apparatus

A

non-conscious

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10
Q

utilizes fewer neurons

A

simple

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11
Q

is done with the person’s full will

A

voluntary

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12
Q

are those actions done automatically

A

involuntary

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13
Q

is manifested through an action which is in the realm of sanity and adequate reason

A

rational

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14
Q

pertains to the actions which are done without any apparent reason or explanation

A

irrational

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15
Q 
the scientific method in the study of behavior 
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A

a. identification of the problem
b. formulation of hypothesis
c. gathering of data
d. drawing conclusions
e. report the results

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16
Q 
goals of psychology
a.
b.
c.
d.
A

a. to describe behavior
b. to explain behavior
c. to predict behavior
d. to control behavior

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17
Q

methods used in the study of behavior

  1. observation
  2. introspection-
A

self analysis

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18
Q

helps expose the factors that shape the nature of the individual

A

life history or case study

19
Q

day to day recording of experiences

A

day book

20
Q

conducted in a clinic wherein the psychologist diagnose then treat the patient

A

clinical method

21
Q

life story of the patient

A

biographical method

22
Q

uses questionnaires and interviews

A

survey or group method

23
Q

highest form of scientific method in which the experimenter introduces some changes in the individual’s environment and then measure the effect of those changes on his behaviors

A

experimental method

24
Q

uses statistics to analyze the data

A

statistical method

25
Q

is the study of behavior in all aspects of human growth and development

A

developmental psychology

26
Q

is concerned with the psychological aspects of teaching and of formal learning processes in school

A

educational psychology

27
Q

deals with the investigation of different types of behavior through observation and experimentation in psychological laboratories

A

experimental psychology

28
Q

investigates and situations in business firms and industries to improve the efficiency of the employees and workers

A

industrial psychology

29
Q

deals with the behavior of consumers to gain more customers and impress prospective buyers

A

business psychology

30
Q

is the study of people’s behavior in relation to their families, groups, and communities

A

social psychology

31
Q

is applied in the scientific selection of a suitable employment or vocation, particularly aimed at helping students to choose a career or vocation wisely

A

vocational guidance

32
Q

is the systematic practice of measures for the prevention of mental illness and preservation of mental health

A

mental hygiene

33
Q

particularly aimed at helping people with educational, job or career, and social adjustment

A

counseling psychology

34
Q

pertains to the diagnosis and evaluation of events in relation to the condition of a person who has emotional problems or abnormal behavior

A

clinical psychology

35
Q

is the study of the etiology or cause of mental and personality disorder

A

abnormal psychology

36
Q

is the application of the principles of human behavior in law or any legal proceedings

A

legal psychology

37
Q

is the study of the functions of the different organs of the body especially the nervous system and their bearing on human behavior and mental processes

A

physiological psychology

38
Q

organized explanation of certain phenomena believed by groups of people supporting a principle

A

school of psychology or school of thought

39
Q

believed in the importance of the structure of the mind/when/
leader

A

structuralism-1875-1930

wilhelm wundt-is the first person to put up psychological laboratory in the university of Leipzig in 1879

40
Q

state the importance of the function of the mind rather than the structure of the mind/when
leader

A

functionalism-1890

john dewey

41
Q

postulated on the existence of unconscious mental processes which influenced an individual’s behavior in various indirect way/when
leader

A

psychoanalysis-1900

sigmund freud

42
Q

argued that psychologists should use only objective methods and that their observations and measurements should be in a form which could be checked and verified by objective means/when
leader

A

behaviorism-1913-p

john watson

43
Q

psychology should study the whole pattern of behavior or experience or the perception of organized configuration/when
leader

A

gestalt-to configure, to form, or pattern
1912-1940
max wetheimer

44
Q

emphasized the unique qualities of humans and their potential for personal growth/when
leader

A

humanistic -1950-p

abraham maslow

45
Q

believed that objects,movements and behaviors have a definite purpose

A

purposivism-1950-p

william mc dougall

46
Q

focused on thought and mental procedses/when

leader

A

cognitive-1950-p

jean piaget

psychology (4 decks)

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