nationalism key thinkers

Question 1

Rousseau

Answer 1

liberal nationalist
ideas influential among leaders of French Revolution

Question 2

Rousseau ideas

Answer 2

• nation established government through social contract
• state rests upon active participation of citizens
• civic nationalism can be acheived through education (language)

Question 3

Rousseau idea of General Will

Answer 3

a form of radical democracy where legislative powers reside directly with the people

society is collective

Question 4

Mazzini

Answer 4

romantic nationalist
formed “young Italy”- wanted unification of italy and removal of foreign and monarchal influence.

wanted Italy to be one free nation

Question 5

Mazzini ideas

Answer 5

liberal ideas can be seen:
1. all nations should be free and equal
2. need for representative democracy

however, in contrast:
1. saw nation as more than rational- argues it is moral
2. romantic view: nation meant more than just a territory

Question 6

Von Herder

Answer 6

romantic and cultural nationalist
writing in Prussia- ruled by aristocracy and monarchy

Question 7

Von Herder ideas

Answer 7

• each nation’s character was defined by langauge, art e.t.c
• wanted to protect the unique character rather than self-determination
  -opposed authority spreading more than one nation so opposed supranationalism

Question 8

Garvey

Answer 8

anti- colonial nationalist
black nationalist: established the Black Star Line shipping company so african americans could seperate from white society

Question 9

Garvey ideas

Answer 9

• emphasised black pride
• believed in “africa for africans”, giving them national independence
• African unity due to common ancestry

Question 10

Maurras

Answer 10

chauvinist/ expansionist nationalist
believed France lost greatness due to the revolution as he rejected democracy

Question 11

Maurras ideas

Answer 11

• democracy had handed power to the “inferior elements of the nation”
• saw jewish and immigrants as threats to nation as they were “anti-france”
• integral: “a true nationalist places his country before everything”