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geography 102 > naswa exam 1 > Flashcards

naswa exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

what countries are not in the Arabic world?

A

Israel, Iran, Turkey

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2
Q

What country doesn’t fit in the Islamic world?

A

Israel, (Christians)

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3
Q

what regions control which chokepoints?

A

Gibraltar; Morocco, Spain
Hormuz; Iran, Oman
bosporus-Dardanelles; Turkey
suez cannal; Egypt

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4
Q

which strait is crucial to the oil trade?

A

Hormuz; controlled by Iran

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5
Q

where are the Atlas mountains?

A

northwest Africa

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6
Q

who controls the Gibraltar Straight?

A

Morocco and Spain

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7
Q

who controls the Hormuz straight?

A

Iran and Oman

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8
Q

Who controls the Bosporus-Dardanelles?

A

Turkey

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9
Q

who controls the Suez cannal?

A

Egypt

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10
Q

Where are the Turas Mountains?

A

south Turkey

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11
Q

where are the Zargos Mountains?

A

western Iran

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12
Q

name three ribvers running through the NASWA.

A

Nile, Tirgis, Euphrates

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13
Q

name the deserts of the region.

A

saharah, araibian, syria, Irainian

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14
Q

what type of climate region is the naswa located in?

A

climate zone B

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15
Q

what is the climate like in the B climate zones?

A

dry, semi dry, seasonaly dry.

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16
Q

what do the different settlments look like?

A

located around water sources and decent climates.

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17
Q

what countries are major exceptions to the arabic musslum culture?

A

Turkey, Israel, and Iran.

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18
Q

what is the main cultural hearth?

A

mesopatomia

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19
Q

what does mesopotomia mean?

A

“the land between rivers.”

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20
Q

where did Islam originate?

A

Mecca, Saudi Arabia

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21
Q

where did Islam begin to thrive?

A

Medina

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22
Q

what are the five pillars?

A

the basic practices the musslims follow.

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23
Q

what do the five pillars include?

A 
~basic belife 
~daily prayer five times a day
~9th mounth fasting (Radman)
~Giving of Alms (tithes)
~pilgramging to mecca (Hajj)
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24
Q

what precent of musslims are sunni?

A

80%

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25
Q

what did the sunni divide in to?

A

sunni and shia

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26
Q

what are the codes of law called?

A

sharia

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27
Q

why did the shia and Sunnis divide?

A

The original split between Sunnis and Shiites occurred soon after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. “There was a dispute in the community of Muslims in present-day Saudi Arabia over the question of succession,”

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28
Q

what are the sharia?

A

NO living pictures
NO pork eating
No taking or paying intrest

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29
Q

what is allah?

A

the islam “god”

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30
Q

what is koran

A

musslims “bible”

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31
Q

what is the Sharia?

A

The rules that the musslims have to follow.

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32
Q

What is a mullah?

A

a Muslimic teacher or leader especially is Shiite practice.

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33
Q

what is an Imam?

A

the person who leads the musslim prayers

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34
Q

what is a mosque?

A

a place of musslim worship.

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35
Q

what country has the majority of the shia population?

A

Iraq

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36
Q

where is the concentration of oil distribution based?

A

Suadi Arabia

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37
Q

what are the larger of prodcers of oil?

A 
Iran
northen africa 
persian gulf
Iraq
Kuwait
Suadi Arabia
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38
Q

how did the oil movment impact the area?

A

increased migration
helped development
raised income
foreign influence

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39
Q

define supernationalism-

A

when three or more contries come together to promote a certain interest.

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40
Q

what is OPEC?

A

Organization of Petrolium Exporting Countries

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41
Q

what is OPECs main goal?

A

OPEC aims to regulate the supply of oil

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42
Q

what was the Arab uprising addressing?

A

unemployment and human rights

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43
Q

where and when did the arab uprising start?

A

tunisia, 2010

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44
Q

what territories did Isis control in 2016?

A

b

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45
Q

where are the isis strongholds consentraited?

A

Syria

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46
Q

what diffused the Arab uprising?

A

the use of soccial media

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47
Q

name a supernational oil cartel-

A

OPEC

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48
Q

who is the worlds largest oil producer?

A

Saudi Arabia

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49
Q

what is the worlds largest musslim counrty?

A

Indonesia

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50
Q

what is used to move ships up strean and down stream on the Nile river?

A

wind is used for upstream travel and curents are used for travel down stream.

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51
Q

what lake does the aswan high dam create?

A

lake Nasser

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52
Q

which country has the largest Arab population?

A

Egypt

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53
Q

why does Egypt attract so many donors?

A

it has a high locational advantage

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54
Q

why is Egypt good for transportaion?

A

it includes the suez cannal flowing fro N ->S and the Sinai Peninsula from E->W

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55
Q

where is Egypts population concentrated?

A

Along the Nile

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56
Q

which portion of Egypt is more developed?

A

The lower portion

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57
Q

What is a Primate City?

A

A city with twice the populatio of the second largest city in that country. (not necessarily the capitol)

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58
Q

give an example of a primate city

A

Cario (like Mario)

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59
Q

what is Egypt’s main cash crop?

A

Cotton (like the sheets) also some tourism

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60
Q

what is Sudan split into?

A

into South Sudan and Sudan

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61
Q

what caused the majority of the devolution in Sudan?

A

religious and ethnic differinces (Arabs in the north Africans in the south)

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62
Q

who has more negotiation power Sudan or Egypt? why?

A

Egypt does because they have better location and control more resources

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63
Q

what controles the population in maghreb?

A

populaion is along the altlas mountains and the south desert.

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64
Q

what is orographic precipitation?

A

it is caused when moist air moves over the mountains and begins to cool down and make precipitation

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65
Q

what reigion relys on orographic precipitation?

A

Maghreb

66
Q

where are Nigeria and Tunisia located?

A

Marghreb

67
Q

what does the economy of Nigeria and Tunisia depend on?

A

their production of oil

68
Q

is morocco a mian oil producer

A

no it is oil poor

69
Q

what are the main oil prodecers in maghreb?

A

Nigeria and Tunisia

70
Q

describe Lybia-

A

A flat dry desert country with very small population

71
Q

where is lybias population concentrated?

A

along the coast

72
Q

what are foggara?

A

underground water aqueducts that lead water to settelments

73
Q

what main religions are found in th middle east?

A

musslim (shia and sunni)

74
Q

where is kurdistand spread out over?

A

Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria

75
Q

what river system does iraq have?

A

Mesopotamian

76
Q

what does iraqs population concentrate on>?

A

the mesopotomian river

77
Q

what are some of the cultural regions of Iraq?

A

Kurds in the north
Sunnis in the central
shias in the south (majority)

78
Q

what religious group has a political connection with iran?

A

shias wholive in Iraq

79
Q

who held political power in Iraq until 2003

A

the Sunnis

80
Q

where and what is Iraqs capitol?

A

Located along the Tigris River, Baghdad

81
Q

what drives Iraq’s economy?

A

it is ritch in oil and agricultural resources

82
Q

when did Iraq have conflict with Iran?

A

during the 1980s

83
Q

who did Iraq have conflict with in the 1980s?

A

Iran

84
Q

Who did Iraq have conflict with during the 1990s?

A

Kurwaits (partly over oil)

85
Q

why did Iraq have conflict with Kurwaits?

A

partly over oil

86
Q

when did Iraq have conflict with the us?

A

early 2000s

87
Q

what is not an Arabic or muslim country ?

A

Isreal

88
Q

what caused the war of independence in 1948?

A

the announcement of Isreals statehood

89
Q

what is another name for the six-day-war?

A

the june war. june 5 – june 10th

90
Q

what teritories were taken from Israel in the six day war?

A 
golan hights from syria 
west bank from jordon 
gaza strip (withdrew in 2005)
siai penisula (returned in 1978)
91
Q

where is israels population consentrated?

A

along the coats betweeen hifa–Tel Aviv

92
Q

what is the operational and constitutional capitols of Israel?

A

Tell Aviv and jeruselem

93
Q

what are the cultural faith group quarters of Jerusalem?

A

Christians in the North West
Armenians in the South West
Muslims in the North East
Jewish in the South East

94
Q

where are the Chirstains mainly located in Israel?

A

the northwest

95
Q

where are the Muslims mainy located in Isreal?

A

Northeast

96
Q

Where are the Armesians located in Israel?

A

Southwest

97
Q

Where is the Jewish population located in Jerusalem?

A

Southeast

98
Q

Jerusalem is a holy city for what religious group?

A

Muslims

99
Q

what are the benefits of having a dam like the Aswan High Dam?

A
  • it controls the yearly floodwaters
  • it controles the strength of the currents in the agri river for ships
  • it also produces over half of Egypt’s power
100
Q

what part of Egypt contains the capitol?

A

the lower part

101
Q

what countries in Maghreb have an oil economy?

A

Nigeria and tunissia

102
Q

what kind of population does the Arabian desert have?

A

it has a little population

103
Q

what is a major production in the Arabian?

A

oil

104
Q

where is most of the oil located in the Arabian?

A

along the persian gulf.

105
Q

why are mecca and medina cultueraly hearthS?

A

becaise the islamic beilife originated in mecca and took off in medina

106
Q

what is a culteral hearth?

A

A cultural hearth is where civilization first began.

107
Q

what two hearhts are on the red sea?

A

Mecca and Medina

108
Q

where is the grand masque?

A

Mecca, Saudi Arabia

109
Q

what is the site of pilgrimage for Muslims?

A

kaaba

110
Q

where is the prophets mosque located?

A

Medina, Saudi Arabia

111
Q

what is saudi arabias major cash crop?

A

dates

112
Q

what dish is popular in saudi arabia?

A

couscous

113
Q

name three middle eastern/arabian foods>

A

shwarma (like a gyro)
kebabs
kanafeh and baklava (filo pastry with syrup and cheese)

114
Q

what is the capitole of iran?

A

tehran

115
Q

where is the Iranian desert located?

A

East Iran

116
Q

where is most of the population located in Iran?

A

in the west along the zarrgos mountains.

117
Q

how do the irainias farm in the desert?

A

by mountain stream aquaducts following gravity.

118
Q

what is the different cultural population living in Iran?

A

persians
kurds in the northwest border
shitte (majority)
NO arabs

119
Q

how many us citisins where detained in the 1979 revolution?

A

Fifty-two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981, after a group of Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam’s Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran.

120
Q

what where some f the major things the happened in the 1979 revolution?

A

iran converted back to islamic rule
women where forced to wear the veils
52 Americans where held hastoge for 444 days…

121
Q

what is the capital of Turkey?

A

Ankara

122
Q

what does the landscape look like in Turkey?

A

Plateaus with the Taurus mountains in the south.

123
Q

what is the cultural populating in Turkey?

A

Turks
Kurds in the southeast boarder
and Suuni which hold the majority
NO Arabs

124
Q

what are examples of atatürk’s reforms that secularized turkey?

A 
reformation of Islam 
relocated capital (Istanbul to Ankara)
separated religion and state
western law codes supplanted sharia
monogamy became the law 
all religious symbols were prohibited in and government. (the fez)
125
Q

what is monogamy?

A

the practice or law of only having one wife or husband

126
Q

describe Kurdistan

A

a stateless nation in the border zones and high lands ofTurkey, Iraq, Iran, and Syria and the underprivileged ethnic goup in all counties

127
Q

what is the sahel?

A

the african transision zone. located on the widest stretch of Africa on the southern part of the sahara desert this belt is the transition from the b cimate to the a (south) climate.

128
Q

what is the culrtual heritage of the sahel?

A

arabs located in the north and Africans located in the south.

129
Q

international water piracy

A

the Somalian pirates (lookup with mom on why you need to know this….)

130
Q

why is the arabian population small?

A

its a desert land with little resources to live of of

131
Q

what is the cradel of islam?

A

mecca and medina located in western central of the Arabian Peninsula

132
Q

what is the economic core on the Arabian Peninsula

A

The entire economy of Saudi Arabia is based on the export of oil, and more than 20 percent of the known oil reserves in the world are located in Saudi Arabia.

133
Q

How do the empire states differ from there neighbors ethnicly?

A

they do not hav an arabic population

134
Q

what two countries dominate the empire states region?

A

Turkey and Iran

135
Q

what minority group dose the empire state share in the border zones?

A

kurdistands

136
Q

what is the fundimental cultural difference between both empire states?

A

Turkey has a sunni majority

Iran has a shia Majority

137
Q

describe the general population patteren in Iran and explain east vs. west

A

most is in the west Iran Zarggos mountains and some ar in the Irainin desert thanked to aqueducts leading water out there from the mountains.

138
Q

explain the highdro sysytem the Iraninans have devloped to combat the dryness of there land.

A

they use aqueducts to move water usuing gravity down from the mountains

139
Q

what does secular mean?

A

activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis.

140
Q

what were the major changes during Turkeys secularization?

A 
reformation of Islam 
relocated capital (Istanbul to Ankara)
separated religion and state
western law codes supplanted sharia
monogamy became the law 
all religious symbols were prohibited in and government. (the fez)
141
Q

explain the changes that happen in the sahel or African transitional zone

A

the climate zone changes for b(north) to a (south)

142
Q

the country that contributes to the recent high sea piracy?

A

somolia

143
Q

how is geography divided?

A

physical and human geography

144
Q

what is the method of study for this course?

A

regional

145
Q

larger-scale maps cover more area (T/F)

A

False

146
Q

what is a reference map?

A

a map displaying locatioal info

147
Q

what is a thematic map?

A

a map displaying population or ditrubution info

148
Q

reigion requirments

A

must have boundries
enclosed land area
Definition criterion or criteria (laws)

149
Q

what is a formal region

A

a region that is an area with a high level of consistency in a certain cultural or physical attribute. (the same culture)

150
Q

what is a functional reigion?

A

features surrounding areas with common social, political, or economic purposes that relate to trade, communications, or transportation. ( a system that is spread out and different but works together)

151
Q

what is a physical land scape?

A

a natual landscape. made by God not man

152
Q

what is a cultural lanscape?

A

a lanscape that is man-made by modifying or changing physical and scape.

153
Q

wha is absoulute location?

A

location defined by geographic coordinates

154
Q

what is reletive location?

A

location defined by relation or conectivity betwen places.

155
Q

what is pangea?

A

the theory of a super continent

156
Q

how are mountains formed?

A

converging tectonic plates,

157
Q

what is the range of the global climate zones?

A

0-90 degrees celsius

158
Q

what are the climate zones?

A

tropical (0-23.5)
tempurate (23.5-66.5)
polar (66.5-90)

159
Q

what are the climate reigions?

A

A, B, C, D, E H

160
Q

what are the C varients?

A

regular
Mediterranean
marine west coast

geography 102 (4 decks)

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