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geography 102 > section 2 sub sahara > Flashcards

section 2 sub sahara Flashcards

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1
Q

where is the sub-Sahara located?

A

south of Sahel

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2
Q

describe the development of the Subsaharan

A

its the least developed

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3
Q

descride the subsaharan

A

it has the least development and political stability along with the highest population with sharp rural-urban and coastal-interior disparities

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4
Q

describe the physical environment of the sub-Saharan

A

highlands in the east with lower lands in the west includes many rift valleys in the interior country filled with water and plateaus with dryer regions

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5
Q

what are the main bodies of water in the Subsaharan?

A

lots of rivers (Niger, Benue, Orange, Vaal, Congo, and the Zambesi which flows over the victoria falls the largest in Africa

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6
Q

what are the climates like and where are they?

A

the climates hold a majority of A climates around the equatorial region but also have some semi-dry b climates

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7
Q

describe the subsaharan mineral resources.

A

south africa is ritch in minerals while the east is poor, the west and central have a moderate supply.

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8
Q

what is the boundray between the subsarahan and North Africa?

A

the sahel

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9
Q

what part of the subsaharan holds the high lands?

A

east

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10
Q

where are most of the escarpments on the edge of the plateus found?

A

the eastern high lands

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11
Q

what is the effect between interior and coastal life of escarrpments in the land?

A

the escarpments make the land harder to travel and reduce the amount of travel between the coastal areas and the interioral lands

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12
Q

what river is in the heart of the subsaharan?

A

the congo river is in the heart if the subsaharan but it is also the most difficult to access

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13
Q

what are some of the subsarahan resources?

A

the land is fairly ritch in all kinda minerals but farming and livstocking also takes place depending on the climate area

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14
Q

what lands are mineral-rich vs. mineral poor?

A

the east is very mineral poor while the other subharan is the richest mineral.

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15
Q

what was goree island used for

A

holding slaves

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16
Q

who laid claim to most of Africa in 1884 and what was it called?

A

the Eurupians and the berlin conference

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17
Q

what is the most populated part of the susaharan Africa?

A

West

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18
Q

describe Wesern subsaharan Africa

A

-low wet lands ritch in minerals and oil.

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19
Q

what is nigerias economy based on?

A

Rubber and Oil

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20
Q

what are the different cultural regions in Nigeria? (and their boarders)

A

Nigra - border the Benue River
Hausa - Fulani North
Yoruba - Southwest
Igbo - sotheast

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21
Q

where and what are the boko harem?

A

extreamest rising in the north east
young boy trained as solders
young girls are sold into sex trafficing
Western educatioin institution is sinful

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22
Q

what is a forward capitol?

A

a capitol located on political,

economic or cultural frontier

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23
Q

what is Nigeria’s Forward capitol?

A

Abuja

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24
Q

what is Nigeria’s primate city?

A

Lagos

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25
Q

describe East Africas climate and land.

A

high and semi-dry
prominant in escarpments
poor in minerals but rich in wildlife

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26
Q

what is a common language for poeple with different languages in east Africa?

A

Swahili

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27
Q

describe East africas economy.

A

very small based off of farmng and lots of nomadic behavior

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28
Q

What are East Africa’s cash crops?

A

cotton, coffee, and tea

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29
Q

where is kenya Located?

A

East Africa

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30
Q

where is Nigeria located?

A

West subsaharan Africa

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31
Q

what is kenyas economy like>

A

Small but balanced. based off of farming and tourism for the wild life

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32
Q

wha is Kenya’s capiotol and primate city?

A

Nairobi

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33
Q

where is tanzenia?

A

east africa

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34
Q

what famous mountain is in tanzenia?

A

mt. Kilimanjaro

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35
Q

Who fought against eachother in Rwanda druing the civil war (1994)?

A

high land nomadic tutsi vs. low land hutu farmers

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36
Q

describe central Africa. (equatorial)

A

low lands with wet climates ( simular to waest africa)

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37
Q

what makes the congo basins difficult to live in.

A

the water fall in unpredictable and very irregular causing shifting agriculture

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38
Q

what are certifugal forces in geograpgy?

A

potential slpits between regions

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39
Q

what two groups have the biggest centrifugal pontetial in central Africa?

A

extrem coast and interior disparety

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40
Q

what are some produse and minerals found in central Africa?

A

mierals and gemstones along with rubber copper, coaco, oil, diamond

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41
Q

where is th DR Congo located?

A

central Africa

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42
Q

describe the eastern part of D.R. Congo?

A

is a rift valley the is extreamly fractured with rebel camps and refugees

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43
Q

Describe southern africa?

A

high lands that are semi dry with prominent escarpment rich in minerals, gemstones, and wildlife

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44
Q

where is the copperbelt located

A

zambia

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45
Q

where si the great dyke?

A

Zimbabwe

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46
Q

where is the mineral bonanza?

A

South africa

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47
Q

what part of he contry has a large white minority of English and afrikaners?

A

South africa

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48
Q

when did the whites in south africa stoping having rule and vote?

A

1994

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49
Q

who won the Boer war?

A

British

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50
Q

what and who was the Boer war fought over?

A

the british and dutch fought over land, gemstones , and minerals.

51
Q

when was the Boer war?

A

1899–1902

52
Q

what is Robbin Island?

A

a political prison where Nelson Mendela was jailed 20+ years.

53
Q

what is the Aparthied?

A

a system of laws that was used to segregate policies against not white citizens of south Africa.

54
Q

what contributed to the ending of the Apartheid?

A
  • constant internal resitance
  • Neighbors economic sanction
  • international economic sanction
55
Q

what is the TRC and why was it set up?

A

the truth and reconciliation commission was set up by the goverment of national unity to deal with the after effects of the apartheid operating from mobile corts in multiple cities

56
Q

what are the TRC ‘s main objectives?

A

falicitaing confetions and forgivness

and interracial dialogues

57
Q

what did the TRC accomplish?

A

it avioded rioting or a civil war country wide.

supported a peaceful move to democracy

58
Q

what was the Rainbow Democrasy?

A

the first real national election held in south America. Nelson Mandela was named president.

59
Q

After the Rainbow Democrasy took hold what changed I south Africa?

A

their were over 12 languages coming together along with larger population groups.

60
Q

what populations groups formed after the Rainbow Democrasy?

A

Zulu
xhosa
Coloureds
whites

61
Q

What is the capitol for south Africa?

A

Pretoria

62
Q

What city holds a lrage population of whites?

A

Cape Town

63
Q

What city is known as the worlds Gold Capitol?

A

Johannesburg

64
Q

What city is known as the worlds diamond capitol?

A

Kimberly

65
Q

List Nigierias Cultural regions and where they are located

A

Huasa in the north
Yoruba in the southwest
Igbo in the southeast

66
Q

where id Boko Harams center in nigeria and why is it a concern

A

it is in the northeast and it is a concern because extreamist are rising there.

67
Q

What are some of South Asia’s natural landscapes?

A 
It is i a tropical to sub tropical location 
mountainous in the north
rivers in the center and 
dry Platues in the southern areas 
Also some Ghats
68
Q

What are Ghats?

A

Ghats are wide steps leading to a river specially on comonl used for bathing or a mountain range or on the edge of platues

69
Q

Name two rivers found in South Asia?

A

Indus and Ganges

70
Q

Where is the majority of the population found in south asia?

A

Much of this area’s population is concentrated along the plains of the Indus and Ganges rivers.

71
Q

Where is the monsoon belt strech from?

A

South aisa to southern east asia

72
Q

What is the subtropical wind patern?

A

Summer SW and winter is NW

73
Q

What is the climate like in summer/winter?

A

It is humid and wet in the summer because mositer is wicked in from the ocean and it is cool and dry in the winter from wnds passing extensive land masses

74
Q

What is south asias agrecultural lifeline?

A

The persipitation and flood waters.

75
Q

What is the primary grain crop in monsoon regions?

A

Rice

76
Q

What is the human Enviroment like?

A

Mainly former brtis with Crops useful to britten. cotton & wheat)

77
Q

Who led and when was the salt march?

A

Gandhi and 1930

78
Q

What cntributed to the partitionn of india and pakistan in 1947?

A

The salt march
the cross boarder migration
Hindu and muslum hostility

79
Q

Where is the teritorial hot spot in South aisia

A

In btween Norther india and pakistan

80
Q

What climate zone is south asia in?

A

the northern parts have a dryer semi-dry climate while the southern parts are located in the equatorial zone

81
Q

What is the land pattern in south Asia?\

A

The high lands are in the north and south With mountains in the north and plateaus in the south in the center has valleys and rivers and lowlands

82
Q

where Are South Asia’s low lands?

A

Central South Asia

83
Q

What is the major river in India and Pakistan?

A

Indus river

84
Q

what regions in South Asia are affected by monsoons?

A 
India, 
Bangladesh, 
Pakistan,
 Sri Lanka,
 Myanmar,
 and Nepal
85
Q

Why is English widely spoken in south Asia?

A

It is a formally a British colony

86
Q

What is a major cash crop in south asia sence the colonial days?

A

Cotton&wheat

87
Q

NAme the contested region between India and Pakistan?

A

Kashmir

88
Q

What is Kashmir’s religious majority?

A

Muslum

89
Q

How are the development and population growth rate connected in India?

A

They are directly related to each other the higher the development the lower the population ge=rowth is and the lower level of development the higher the growth rate.

90
Q

Explain the stages of the Demographic transition model

A

Stage 1: minimum growth before the industrial revolution
Stage 2: rapid growth
Stage 3: Slower growth
Stage 4 & 5: no growth or a slight decline

91
Q

What kind of population does India have?

A

The second largest to china wiht a moderately fast growth rate at early stage 3

92
Q

Which sex is more prominent in India?

A

Males

93
Q

What is the majority/minority or religion in India?

A

Hinduism holds the majority but Muslum culture is the largest minority

94
Q

What is the historic Caste System?

A

Social stratification system rooted in Hinduism
• Brahmins—clergy and governments
• Kshatriya—military and national security
• Vaishya—trade and commerce
• Shudra—craftsmen and laborers
• Outcasts—no casts, too low to be included

95
Q

What are the placements in the Hindu caste system?

A
  • Brahmins—clergy and governments
  • Kshatriya—military and national security
  • Vaishya—trade and commerce
  • Shudra—craftsmen and laborers
  • Outcasts—no casts, too low to be included
96
Q

What is India’s city of death or a city of good karma?

A

Varanasi city

97
Q

What are Indias Agrecultural climate regions?

A
  • North–wheat
  • Interior—millet
  • Costal south & east—rice (monsoon)
98
Q

Who was the father of the green revolution?

A

Norman Borlaug (Am. agronomist)
• Nobel Peace Prize 1970
• Began with wheat and maize

99
Q

What was the green revolution ?

A

a period when Indian agriculture was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as the use of high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers.

100
Q

Where and what industrial strengths located in India?

A

NE—Heavy manufacturing (Calcutta)

c. NW—Commercial and financial (Mumbai)
d. South—High-tech (Bangalore)

101
Q

What is the Naxalite challenge?

A

The recent rise of socialism movements in
India
Concentrated in East India, the relatively
poorer part of India

102
Q

Where is the Naxalite Challenge concentrated?

A

east India (poor parts)

103
Q

Where is Pakistan?

A

in the desert in the southwest,

104
Q

What is the population like in Pakistan?

A

Muslum Majority concentrated along the Indus river

105
Q

What is the main thing that Supports Pakistans Economy?

A

Cotton

106
Q

Where is the Naxalite challenge in India concentrated?

A

East India

107
Q

What is Pakistan’s religious majority?

A

Muslum

108
Q

What are Pakistan’s largest city and capital?

A

Islamabad

109
Q

What is a buffer state?

A

a small neutral country situated between two larger hostile countries and serving to prevent the outbreak of regional conflict.

110
Q

Name the buffer state between Pakistan

A

Afganistan

111
Q

What mountain system dominates interior Afghanistan?

A

Hindu Kush Mountains

112
Q

Describe Afghanistan’s Population?

A

Diverse population with a Muslim majority, but no absolute majority ethnic group.
• Pushtun (40%) is the largest group and their language as the official language

113
Q

Who controled afganistan before the US in 2001?

A

Local Taliban

114
Q

What are the capital and largest cities in Afghanistan?

A

Kabul Is the capitol and Kandahar is the largest

115
Q

What are the two components of Southeast Asia’s physical environment?

A

~mainland

~insular

116
Q

What is an archipelago?

A

an area that contains a chain or group of islands scattered in lakes, rivers, or the ocean

117
Q

What are the world’s largest archipelagos?

A

Indonesia

Philippines

118
Q

What river is located in Thailand?

A

Chao Phraya

119
Q

What river is located in Myanmar?

A

Irrawaddy river

120
Q

What river is in Vietnam?

A

Red River

121
Q

What are some of South Asia’s tropical resources?

A

Rubber and palm oil are abundant

122
Q

What are some of South Asia’s tropical resources?

A

Rubber and palm oil are abundant

123
Q

What is known as the rice region in Southeast Asia?

A

Thailand is one of the worlds largest rice exporters

124
Q

What is the religious environment like?

A

There is a Buddhist Majority in the mainlands.

and an Islamic majority in the Insular parts except for the Philippines

geography 102 (4 decks)

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