Nasal Disease Flashcards
List the main nasal symptoms
STUFFY: Blockage SMELL: Loss of smell SNOT: Discharge SORE: Facial pain Sneezing, itch Nosebleed
List causes of intermittent rhinitis
Grass pollen
Fungal spores
Tree pollen
List causes of persistent rhinitis
Cat saliva
House dust mite
Animals
Outline management of non-infective rhinitis
Allergen/irritant avoidance Topical/oral steroid e.g. beclometasone Antihistamine e.g. cetrizine Topical anticholinergic e.g. ipratropium Immunotherapy Surgery to relieve obstruction
Outline management of infective rhinitis
Nasal decongestant e.g. pseudoephedrine
Analgesia
Antibiotic
Unilateral nasal discharge is not worrying. True/False?
False
Refer urgently - could be foreign body or tumour
Outline the subtypes of rhinitis
Non-infective: allergic (intermittent or persistent)
non-allergic (vasomotor rhinitis, polyps)
Infective: rhinosinusitis (viral URTI)
List symptoms of rhinitis
Itching Clear runny discharge Allergic crease Blocked nose Eye swelling
What is classified as ‘intermittent rhinitis’?
Symptoms lasting less than 4 days per week or for less than 4 weeks
What is classified as ‘persistent rhinitis’?
Symptoms lasting more than 4 days per week or for more than 4 weeks
What is classified as ‘mild rhinitis’?
Normal sleep and no impairment of activities/ work and no troublesome symptoms
What is classified as ‘moderate - severe rhinitis’?
One or more of: abnormal sleep, impaired activities, impaired walk, troublesome symptoms
How is rhinitis diagnosed?
Skin prick test
RAST IgE levels (dog, cat, dust mite, grass)
List symptoms of acute infective rhinosinusitis
Facial pain
Discharge
Nasal blockage
State two complications of rhinosinusitis
Orbital cellulitis
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
