Nappi Section Flashcards
What is the skeletal system made of?
The skeletal system is made of bones and cartilage.
What kind of tissues do skeletal cancers originate in?
Most tumors originate in the mesoderm, primitive mesenchyme, and ectoderm cells.
Where do tumors commonly occur in the skeletal system?
Tumors commonly occur in areas where rapid growth is occurring, such as the growth plate.
Which bones have the largest growth plates?
Most tumors occur in the distal femur and proximal tibia because they have the largest growth plates.
What is the diaphysis of a long bone?
The diaphysis of a long bone is the main shaft.
What are the epiphyses?
The epiphyses are two knob-like portions of the bone at either end.
What is the periosteum?
The periosteum is the hard covering on the bone.
What are common sites for osteosarcomas?
Common sites for osteosarcomas include the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus.
What are common sites for chondrosarcomas?
Common sites for chondrosarcomas include the femur, shoulder girdle, and proximal humerus.
Where do malignant fibrous histocytomas (MFH) commonly occur?
Common sites for MFH or fibrosarcomas are long, tubular bones like the femur or tibia.
What are common sites for Ewing’s sarcoma?
Common sites for Ewing’s sarcoma include the lower half of the body in the diaphysis of the bone.
Where do metastatic tumors commonly occur?
Common sites for metastatic tumors include vertebral bodies, pelvic bones, and ribs.
What is the most common clinical presentation of bone tumors?
Pain is the most common clinical presentation of bone tumors.
Is lymphatic spread common for bone tumors?
Lymphatic spread is not common unless the tumor occurs in the trunk of the body.
Where do lower limbs and lower half of the trunk drain?
Lower limb and lower half of trunk drain to femoral nodes.
Where do upper limbs and upper half of the trunk drain?
Upper limb and upper half of trunk drain to axillary nodes.
Where do skull and facial bones drain?
Skull and facial bones drain to neck nodes.
What are some types of bone tumors?
Types of bone tumors include osteosarcomas, chondrosarcomas, fibrosarcomas, MFH, and Ewing’s sarcoma.
Which bone tumor is the most common?
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor.
How do bone tumors commonly spread?
Bone tumors commonly spread through the blood to the lungs.
What other organs may bone tumors spread to?
Bone tumors may spread to the bone, liver, or brain.
What tumor commonly has skip metastasis?
Skip metastasis is common for osteosarcomas.
