Nano basics

Question 1

What is Nanotechnology?

Answer 1

The design, characterization, and application of
structures, devices, and systems by controlled
manipulation of size and shape of materials at the
nanometer scale (atomic, molecular, and
macromolecular scale)

To produce materials with at least one novel/superior
characteristic or property.

Question 2

Why Nanoscale?

Answer 2

A nanometer (nm) is one billionth
of a meter. At this scale, physical and
chemical properties of materials differ
significantly from those at a larger scale.

Question 3

What is nanomaterial?

Answer 3

Is defined as any material that has unique or novel properties, due to the nanoscale (nano metre-scale) structuring.
They are subdivided into nanocrystals,
nanopowders, and nanotubes:

Question 4

What are the characteristics of nanotube?

Answer 4

Nanotubes are extremely strong
mechanically and very pure conductors
of electric current.

Question 5

What are some usages of nanotubes?

Answer 5

Applications of the nanotube include resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes and transistors.

Question 6

What makes nanomaterials have fundamentally different characteristics than materials at bulk?

Answer 6

increased surface area to volume ratios.

Increased interaction and reactivity

Question 7

What does it mean by novel materials?

Answer 7

new forms of existing materials with characteristics that differ significantly
from familiar or naturally-occurring
forms

Question 8

Name the 3 types of nanomaterials based on dimensions and list examples for each category

Answer 8

One-dimensional: layers, multi-layers, thin films, platelets

two-dimensional: nanowires, nanofibers and nanotubes

three-dimensional: nano particles, colloids and quantum dots

Question 9

List some applications of nanotechnology with some examples.

Answer 9

Medicine: Diagnostics, Drug delivery

Information and communication: Memory storage, Novel semiconductor devices

Heavy Industry: Aerospace

Consumer goods: Foods, Household,

Remediation: remove heavy metals

wastewater treatment

Question 10

When did nanotechnology start?

Answer 10

Advances in the tools that now
allow atoms and molecules to be
examined and probed with great
precision have enabled the expansion
and development of nanoscience and
nanotechnologies.