NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS Flashcards
COVALENT
COMPOUNDS are also known as
Molecular compounds
GENERAL RULES in naming and writing formulas of covalent compounds
- First word is spelled out in its full element name
- name of the second word would use the suffix –ide
3.
nitrogen monoxide or mononitrogen monoxide
nitrogen monoxide
carbon monoxide or carbon monooxide
carbon monoxide
mono
1
di
2
tri
3
tetra
5
penta
5
hexa
6
hepta
7
octa
8
nona
9
deca
10
Chemical reactions occur when atoms gain, lose, or ____ electrons
share
true or false
Sharing electrons creates a covalent bond
true
true or false
Sharing electrons creates an ionic bond
false
Nonmetals can _______ electrons to
form a covalent bond.
This creates a ___________.
Nonmetals can share electrons to
form a covalent bond.
This creates a molecule.
what creates a molecule
when nonmetals can share electrons to form a covalent bond
true or false
Because hydrogen only has 1 proton and 1 electron,
it behaves differently than any other element on
the periodic table of elements.
true
true or false
Because hydrogen only has 3 protons and 1 electron,
it behaves differently than any other element on
the periodic table of elements.
false
what can hydrogen donate
1 electron
what can hydrogen gain
1 electron
true or false
hydrogen can share electrons
true
true or false
hydrogen cannot share electrons
false
what makes hydrogen act as either a metal or nonmetal
Because hydrogen only has 1 proton and 1 electron and Hydrogen can
share electrons
What are the 7 elements that exist as diatomic molecules?
H2
N2
O2
F2
Cl2
Br2
I2
true or false
Nonmetals can share electrons in many different ways
true
true or false
Nonmetals cannot share electrons
false
why can two nonmetals create multiple compounds together
because nonmetals can share electrons in many different
ways
name this
N2O4
dinitrogen nitrogen tetroxide
Steps for Naming
Binary Covalent Compounds
- Write the name of the first nonmetal
- Write the name of the second nonmetal changing its ending to -ide.
- Add prefixes to specify how many of
each element are present
GENERAL RULES WHEN NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
- The metal’s full name is used as the name for the cation, and is written first.
- nonmetal’s name is used for the anion’s name, and is written
second. - Anions name will serve as the root word, modified by adding the
suffix “–ide”
Chemical reactions occur when atoms
__________
gain, lose, or share electrons.
Nonmetals _____________ electrons. This gives them a ____ charge.
Negative ions are called ___________.
Nonmetals GAIN/ ACCEPT electrons.
This gives them a NEGATIVE charge.
Negative ions are called ANIONS.
Metals ________________ electrons. This gives them a ____ charge.
Positive ions are called ___________
Metals LOSE/ DONATE electrons. This gives them a POSITIVE charge.
Positive ions are called CATIONS
charge of an ion from left to right
+1
+2
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
VIII
VIII
I
II
+3
+4 or -4
-3
-2
-1
0
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
P
-3
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Na
+1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
S
-2
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Ne
0
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Mg
+2
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
K
+1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Ca
+2
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Br
-1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
N
-3
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Be
+2
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
O
-2
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Cs
+1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
I
-1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Li
+1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Cl
-1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
He
0
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
F
-1
predict the charge of its most common ion using the periodic table
Xe
0
what happens to metals when they LOSE electrons
they become ions but their names doesn’t change
what happens to nonmetals they GAIN electrons
the become ions and their name changes
Rules for Naming Ions
- The names of metals do not change.
- for nonmetals:
root of element name + -ide = name of
ion
Rules for Naming Ions
chlorine will become
chloride
Rules for Naming Ions
nitrogen will become
nitride
Rules for Naming Ions
calcium will become
calciu
Rules for Naming Ions
oxygen will become
oxide
Rules for Naming Ions
aluminum will become
aluminum
Rules for Naming Ions
sulfur will become
sulfide
Rules for Naming Ions
potassium will become
potassium
Rules for Naming Ions
potassium will become
potassium