Measurement and Separation Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

observations of the
physical and chemical properties
and changes that matter undergoes
that are often reported
quantitatively

A

Measurement

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2
Q

quantify the property of an object and gives full context to
the numbers of the property being measured

A

Units

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3
Q

nvented by French in the 18th century

A

Metric system

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4
Q

based on the powers of ten

A

Metric system

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5
Q

system used in some US countries

A

English system

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6
Q

1960

A

International system of Units (SI Units)

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7
Q

global
standard definition of units of measurement

A

International system of Units (SI Units)

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8
Q

remain the same regardless of the place where it is used

A

International system of Units (SI Units)

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9
Q

other units of measurement obtained by
a combination of base units

A

Derived units

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10
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Length

A

Meter, m

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11
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Mass

A

Kilogram, kg

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12
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Time

A

Second, s

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13
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Temperature

A

Kelvin, K

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14
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Amount of Substance

A

Mole, mol

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15
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Electric Current

A

Ampere, A

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16
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Luminous intensity

A

Candela, cd

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17
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Density

A

gram per cubic meter, g/m3

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18
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Speed

A

Meter per second, m/s

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19
Q

give the SI Base Unit and symbol of

Energy

20
Q

Formula for 1J

21
Q

Temperature conversion factors for cels9 ius

A

C=(F- 32) 5/9

22
Q

Temperature conversion factors for fahrenheit

A

F=9/5(C)+32

23
Q

Temperature conversion factors for fahrenheit

24
Q

Give prefix and sym

25
the only digits in a given measurement that are certain and are considered practical for use in calculations involving scientific measurements
Significant Figures
26
true or false A measurement with more SF is more certain than a measurement with fewer SF
true
27
true or false A measurement with less SF is more certain than a measurement with more SF
false
28
Rules in Counting Significant Figures
1. All nonzero digits are significant 2. All zeroes between nonzero digits (internal zeroes) are significant. 3. Zeroes before the first nonzero digits (leading zeroes) are not significant 4. Zeroes after the last nonzero digits (trailing zeroes) may or may not be significant.
29
what are the two operations with significant figures
1. Addition and Subtraction 2. Multiplication and Division
30
must have the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the fewest number of decimal places.
Addition and Subtraction
31
follow the least number of significant figures from the original measurement.
Multiplication and Division
32
combination of trueness and precision
Accuracy
33
nearness of measurement to the true value
Trueness
34
nearness of the values of multiple measurements to each other
Precision
35
Physical Methods of Separation
Filtration Distillation Chromatography
36
involves the separation of the solid component of a mixture from its liquid component
Filtration
37
solids mixed with gases
Filtration
38
mixture passes through porous surface or membrane that enables liquids or gases to pass but the solids
Filtration
39
separated solids
Residue
40
gas without the solid component
Filtrate
41
Examples of filtration
air conditioners and water purifiers
42
separate two or more different liquids and gases that form a mixture
Distillation
43
can also be used to separate solids that are small for porous membranes to separate from their fluid medium, relies on volatilities of components
Distillation
44
– condensed vapor
Distillate
45
examples of distillation
perfume, alcoholic drinks, and, crude oil production; and desalination of seawater
46
can be used to separate constituent parts of a mixture, particularly homogenous mixtures
Chromatography
47
fixed mediums could be
paper, gel, or cellulose