names for crime and deviance Flashcards
Durkheim
Boundary maintenance, safety valve
Hirschi
Bonds of attachment
Merton
Strain theory
AK Cohen
Status frustration
Subcultural functionalist
Cloward and Ohlin
Not everyone can access illegitimate means in strain theory
Subcultural functionalist
Miller
Focal concerns of WC boys
Subcultural functionalist
Matza
Techniques of neutralisation
Subcultural functionalist
Chambliss
Property law protects ruling class
Snider
Health and safety laws just for show
Hall
Media amplification, seeks to divide WC with black muggers
Neo Marxist
Walby
6 spheres of patriarchy
Becker
Deviant acts are only deemed deviant because of how they are labelled
Labelling theory
S Cohen
Folk devils, moral panics
Interactionist
Lemert
Primary and secondary deviancy, deviancy amplification
Interactionist
Cicourel
Negotiation of justice for MC but not WC. Police deem behaviour as deviant based on interpretation of behaviour (1) and suspect (2)
Interactionist
Giddens
Runaway world, unclear definition of crime globally
Postmodernist
Bauman
Liquid fears, liquid surveillance, dehumanisation (of immigrants etc.) as leading to state crime
- Liquid fears due to unstable world caused by capitalism, leads to fortresses to deal with the unknown
Postmodernist
Lea and Young
Relative deprivation, need community involvement to reduce crime
New Left Realist
Murray
Male criminality due to lack of a father figure, women’s fault
Right Realist
Pollack
Women conceal crime e.g. because they hide periods and fake orgasms
Concealed female crime
Warren
Chivalry thesis
Concealed female crime
Ansley
Women are trapped in the home and are takers of shit
No opportunity for female crime
Heidensohn
Control theory e.g. the husband over thr wife through wife battering (asserting patriarchal authority)
Lack of opportunity for female crime
Parsons
Sex role theory
Female crime
Double jeopardy
Double criminalisation if masculine and criminal
Female crime
Carlen
Breakdown of class and gender deal
Increase in female crime, Marxist feminist
Adler
Female liberation
Increase in female crime
Messerscmidt/Mac an Ghail
Men commit crime due to the crisis of masculinity
Gordon
Capitalism is criminogenic
Katz and Lyng
Edgework, crime for the thrill
Waddington
More densely populated areas are criminal, not ethnicity. Stop and search proportionate to available population, not to entire population
Gilroy
Myth of black criminality
Philips and Bowling
Officers hold racist stereotypes
Hobbs and Dunningham (+ Castells)
Globalisation requires glocal knowledge e.g. local connections (therefore hard to study). Global crime made up of smaller groups around the world
Lash and Urry
Wild spaces
Halsey and White
Capitalism leads to green crime, production outsourced
Primary green crime
Done directly against the environment e.g. air pollution, deforestation, etc.
Secondary green crime
Crime that grows out of disregarding environmental rules e.g. violence against environmental groups, organised crime to avoid regulations, or from exploiting conditions which follow environmental damage e.g. illegal food/medicine/water markets
McLaughlin
4 types of state crime: political, crimes of police/security force, economic, social + cultural
A Cohen
Spirals of denial (ignore the crime, pretend they’re ignorant of it e.g. Partygate)
Weber
Not just economic but cultural capital needed for power (charisma, party, rational legal, status)
Beck
Risk society
Green and Ward
State crime is deviancy that is complicit with the state
Foucault
So conscious of external surveillance that now we monitor ourselves through internal surveillance
Post structuralist
