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Social psychology > Names and experiments > Flashcards

Names and experiments Flashcards

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1
Q

Turing

A

1950 - mind as computer model

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2
Q

Rosch 1978

A

Hierarchical categorisation

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3
Q

Tafjel and Wilkes 1963

A

Line A/B length

-can perception be skewed by categorisation

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4
Q

Tafjels principle

A

The accentuation principle (line A/B thing)

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5
Q

Hogg and vaughn 2005

A

Welsh men are better singers

can the accentuation principle be applied to social situations

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6
Q

Sherif et al. 1961

A

Boys at summer camp (eagles vs rattlers)

Competition between groups causes rivalry? can be brought back together with co-operation?

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7
Q

Realistic conflict theory

A

When two groups are in competition for a resource conflict emerges leading to prejudice and poor intergroup categories

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8
Q

Tafjel et. al 1971

A

The minimal group paradigm

boys art/ meaningless group membership leads to conflict/favouritism

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9
Q

Asch

A

Central vs peripheral traits

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10
Q

Loren Carpenter

A

Pong game

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11
Q

Campbell 1958

A

How to classify a group (CF, P, S)

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12
Q

Hamilton and Sherman 1996

A

-opinions of groups/group members can be effected by cohesiveness of the group

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13
Q

Latane, Williams and Harkins 1979

A

effect of group size on social loafing (clapping)

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14
Q

Karau and Williams 1997

A

effect on group cohesiveness on loafing (touch typing)

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15
Q

Latane and Darley 1968

A

Bystander effect (smokey room)

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16
Q

Levine and Crowther 2008

A

Large group doesn’t guarantee bystander effect because empathy for victim comes into it (shouting at woman experimenter)

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17
Q

Tafjel and Turner 1979

A

SIT & SIT scale:
Belief system: social change —> social mobility
behaviour system: Intergroup –> inter personal

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18
Q

Social Identity Theory:

A

Tafjel and Turner 1979
That definition of self comes largely from group memberships. People take pride and self esteem from their ingroups so tend to favour them.

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19
Q

Turner et al 1987

A

Self categorisation theory

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20
Q

Self categorisation theory

A

Explains peoples cognition and behaviour as part of a group - depends on context (crate as chair/hierarchical)

21
Q

Chameleon concept

A

We change certain aspects of our identity depending on context but there are some things that always remain the same

22
Q

Markus 1977 1

A

Experiments on schema’s - Do they aid faster processing? (1) Independent/dependent/aschematic - response time to adjectives measured

23
Q

Markus 1977 2

A

Experiments on schema’s - suggestibility test - are schemas resistant to change/contradictory information? (stronger schemas = more resistant)

24
Q

Ornato and Turner 2004

A

The fluid self - change self depending on salient context - intergroup or interpersonal behaviour

25
Q

Markus and Kitayama 1991

A

western vs eastern self

interdependent or independent self

26
Q

Higgins 1987

A

Self discrepancy theory

-discrepancies between different types of self will lead to discomfort

27
Q

Wood, Purunovic and Lee 2009

A

-positive statements in the mirror - self esteem/mood boost?

28
Q

Dovidio Evans and Tyler 1986

A

Black or white prime followed by ‘‘could this trait be considered stereotypical of this race?’’ - shows evidence for mental stereotyping

29
Q

Devine 1989

A
  • dissociable processes involved in stereotyping

- knowledge and activation doesn’t = expression of stereotype

30
Q

Devine 1989 1

A

Ps give a list of black cultural stereotypes
undertake modern racism scale questionnaire
(same characteristics given by both racist and non racist peeps)
-testing knowledge of stereotypes across prejudice and no prejudice

31
Q

Devine 1989 2

A

1/2 Ps primed with black racial stereotype words (rhythm, slavery, athleticism, basketball)
Presented with Donalds day
Primed Ps perceive him as more aggressive
-prejudice and non prejudice associate black with aggression (closely linked schemas)
-mere knowledge of stereotypes is enough to prompt discrimination

32
Q

Devine 1989

A

Ps asked to put down thoughts about black people
Prejudice gave more negative traits more often
-Can we consciously reject unconscious stereotypes?

33
Q

Macrae, Milne and Bodenhausen 1994

A

The dual task paradigm
(listening to the podcast and memorising traits of 4 characters)
does stereotyping free up processing capacity for other tasks

34
Q

Correll et al 2002

A

Policemans dilemma

-consequences of racial stereotyping

35
Q

Macrae et al 1994

A

Skinhead passage thing

-What effect does suppressing stereotypes have? behavioural and cognitive

36
Q

Steele and Aaronson 1995

A

Blacks and whites at golf

Does stereotyping effect performance?

37
Q

Moss-Racusin 2012

A

Changed the gender in a CV

Does gender stereotyping effect perception of individual/prospects for work

38
Q

Kawakami et al. 2000

A

Press and say no to link between two concepts

can temporarily erase subconscious stereotypes

39
Q

Festinger and carlsmith 1959

A

Turning pegs upside down then oping in another P

Cognitive dissonance

40
Q

Freedman and Fraser 1966

A

Foot in the door compliance

41
Q

Cardinal et al 1975

A

Door in the face compliance is based on rejection moderation

42
Q

Cialdini et al 1975

A

door in the face

43
Q

Cialdini et a 1978

A

Low balling

44
Q

Biligs 1996

A

There are no underlying principles for persuasion or they would have been found out already

45
Q

Milgrim

A

Electric shock teacher student

-When absolved of responsibility for consequences people are much more obedient

46
Q

Allport 1954

A

Contact hypothesis

47
Q

Stephan & Stephan 2005

A

Interventions to reduce prejudice:

  • Promoting multiculturalism through education
  • diversity training in groups
  • organised intergroup dialogues
  • cooperative learning groups
48
Q

Wright et al 1997

A

Extended contact in reducing prejudice

49
Q

levine et al 2005

A

man utd supporter vs football supporter

-shared category membership should lead to increased willingness to help

Social psychology (9 decks)

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