10 Reducing prejudice

Question 1

Allport 1954

Answer 1

The contact hypothesis - if you bring two groups into contact and allow them to get to know ad understand one another, you will reduce conflict

Question 2

What is the contact hypothesis?

Answer 2

If you bring two groups into contact and allow them to get to know ad understand one another, you will reduce conflict

Question 3

Who came up with the contact hypothesis

Answer 3

Allport 1954

Question 4

What are the conditions of the contact hypothesis?

Answer 4

• equal status - both groups must engage equally in the relationship and differences in characteristics and background should be minimised
• groups must work together for a common goal with no competition and have interpersonal interactions
• sanction of community - both groups must know of some authority that supports the contact of the two groups

Question 5

Stephan and stephan 2005

Answer 5

Interventions to reduce intergroup conflict:

• promoting multiculturalism through education
• diversity training in groups
• organised intergroup dialogues
• co-operative learning groups

Question 6

Interventions to reduce intergroup conflict are:

Answer 6

• promoting multiculturalism through education
• diversity training in groups
• organised intergroup dialogues
• co-operative learning groups

Question 7

How do we promote multiculturalism through education?

Answer 7

• promotes understanding of other cultures, seeing from perspective of minority
• learning about systems of inequality
• giving a moral education
• teaching, discussion, roleplay

Question 8

What is diversity retraining and when is it used?

Answer 8

Used in businesses or military to try and get ppl to work better together

• changing behaviour and attitudes of employees towards each other
• change the whole climate/structure of the organisation

Question 9

How are intergroup dialogues used?

Answer 9

To reduce stereotyping
-contact and interaction used to increase empathy
-meet outgroup members face to face
-Have facilitators present
May not work if conflict is very fresh e.g. israel/palestine

Question 10

How are cooperative learning groups dialogues used?

Answer 10

• small groups where face to face interaction is needed to pass a task
• student interdependence across group divide
• mix of ethnic groups, sexes and academic abilities
• more intergroup friendships form

Question 11

Wright et al. 1997

Answer 11

Extended contact:
Knowing a fellow in-group member has a close relationship to an out-group member results in improved intergroup attitudes

Question 12

What did wright et al. show led to reduced intergroup prejudice?

Answer 12

• knowing about and intergroup friendship
• the number of intergroup friendships known
• Higher inclusion of other in self

Question 13

How can Wright et al and Allports findings be combined to help reduce prejudice?

Answer 13

• don’t necessarily have to put groups that hate each other in the same room
• Allports optimal conditions can be met when making friends, not necessarily in intergroup meetings

Question 14

What are the two approaches to achieve intergroup harmony?

Answer 14

• multicultural approach

- Colour blind perspective

Question 15

What are the differences between the colour blind ad multicultural approaches to equality?

Answer 15

• Colour blind = i see everyone as the same, their race or religion makes no difference (assimilate into common culture - we should all just be british. nothing else)
• Multicultural = emphasises group differences

Question 16

Experiments on multicultural vs colourblind approach

Answer 16

-If they got people to think of things in terms of colourblind approach - more bias (implicit and explicit)
-If they got them to think in a multicultural approach they removed explicit bias but not implicit bias (still less than colourblind tho)
(explicit bias is the bias shown in outward attitudes)