Named diseases/syndromes

Question 1

Cushing’s disease

Answer 1

excess ACTH –> hypercortisolism

Question 2

Grave’s disease

Answer 2

antibody stimulating TSH receptor in throid –> more T3 and T4 –> (negative feedback means low TSH)

Question 3

Addison’s disease

Answer 3

Primary adrenal insufficiency, insufficient cortisol
(and less often insufficient aldosterone)

Causes: Autoimmunity attacking adrenal cortex; tuberculosis hurting adrenal glands, bleeding into adrenal glands

Diagnosis: late night salivary cortisol, low dose dexamethasone suppression test, 24hr urine free cortisol

Question 4

Sheehan’s syndrome

Answer 4

Post-partum hypopituitarism, damage to the pituitary gland in women due to hemorrhage in giving birth –> low anterior pituitary hormones (GH, TSH, LH, FSH, ACTH)

Question 5

Von Hippel-Lindau

Answer 5

Buzzword: Hemangioblastoma

Also, cysts in kidney and pancreas, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, pheochromocytomas, endolymphatic sac tumor of the inner ear

Causes: mutations in the VHL tumor suppressor gene

Question 6

MEN2

Answer 6

Buzzword: medullary

Question 7

MEN1

Answer 7

Buzzword: insulinoma