Nail Product Chemistry Simplified Flashcards
What two things that you can see and touch are not a chemical?
light and electricity
What can be chemically converted into vitamin c?
petroleum oil
When are vapors formed?
When liquids evaporate in to the air
What are fumes a blend of ?
soot-like particles and vapors
Adhesion
A force of nature that makes two surfaces stick together.
When does adhesion take place?
When the molecules on one surface are attracted to the molecules on another surface
Nail primer
A substance that improves adhesion
Why is base coat an example of primer?
Because the base coat makes the nail polish adhere better
What are the three types of primers?
acid-based
nonacid based
acid-free
What is a corrosive?
A substance that can cause visible and possibly irreversible permanent skin or eye damage
What can acid based primers burn?
soft tissue and eyes
Use primer sparingly a thin coat should be applied
Use primer sparingly a thin coat should be applied
What do non-corrosive primers not contain?
methacrylic acid
What does scrubbing get rid of?
Bacteria and fungi that cause fingernail infections
What do nail dehydrators remove?
Traces of oil and moisture
(within 30 minutes the normal natural oils and moisture will return to the nail plate)
What grit should you use to remove surface shine?
240 grit
What is the nail professionals first duty?
keeping the nail plate thick, strong, and healthy
What is the leading cause of nail enhancement service breakdown?
overfiling
what can overfiling lead to?
lifting, breaking, free-edge chipping, and free edge product separation or curling
How long will the nail plate be softened when soaked in any liquid including water or acetone?
60 minutes
Nail enhancements are not designed to be taken off frequently (more than twice per year)
Nail enhancements are not designed to be taken off frequently (more than twice per year)
polymerize
chemical reaction
evaporation
physical reaction
Polymers
gigantic chains of molecules. can be liquid but usually solid
What is the reaction that makes polymers?
Polymerization
Monomers
The individual molecules that join to make the polymer
What does the initiator do?
triggers polymerization
Catalyst
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by making initiators work more efficiently
What are oligomers an important ingredient in?
UV gels and is what gives gels there sticky consistency
Oligomer
A short chain of monomers that has had the growth of its chain halted before it became a polymer
How long would it take uv gels to harden without oligomers?
Two or three hours
products with simple polymer chains are easily damaged by sharp impacts or heavy stresses
products with simple polymer chains are easily damaged by sharp impacts or heavy stresses
cross linked nail enhancements take longer to remove in acetone than products that are not cross linked
cross linked nail enhancements take longer to remove in acetone than products that are not cross linked
What are the three acrylics used to make all nail enhancements and glues
Methacrylates
Acrylates
Cyanoacrylates
MMA is extremely difficult to remove and will not dissolve in product removers
MMA is extremely difficult to remove and will not dissolve in product removers
What do UV stabilizers control?
control color stability and prevent sunlight from causing fading or discoloration
What is the job of every nail professional?
to nurture the nail plate and surrounding skin
What are all nail enhancements made from?
Organic Substances
What did Paracelsus say?
“All substances are poisons there is none that is not a posion.”
What does the overexposure principle say?
Overexposure determines toxicity
What is the most effective way to help ensure safe working conditions?
local source capture ventilation system
