N339 Exam 5: Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Question 1

Bronchiectasis is an obstruction of the airway ___. haracterized by recurrent infection and _____ of bronchial walls, leading to persistent _____ of medium sized bronchi and bronchioles. Inflammation causes copious amounts of ____ exudate. (the source of the airway obstruction) so indicated by foul smelling ____.

Answer 1

1. lumen.
2. Inflammation
3. dilation
4. purulent
5. breath

Question 2

What are 6 types of Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders that cause Obstruction of the airway lumen?

Answer 2

1. Bronchiectasis
2. Bronchiolitis
3. Cystic Fibrosis
4. Acute Tracheobronchial Obstruction
5. Epiglottis
6. Croup Syndrome

Question 3

_____ is Characterized by:

1. Is Widespread inflammation of the ____.
2. Often ____ kids under 2 years old
3. Not associated with ____. Instead is an _____ response.
4. Inflammatory response causes inflammatory ____
5. that leads to _____ and ____. Finally,
6. ____ occurs.

Answer 3

Bronchiolitis

1. bronchioles
2. attacks
3. dilation; inflammatory
4. exudate
5. inflammatory, mediators, bronchioconstriction
6. Fibrosis

Question 4

Bronchiolitis is primarily due to a viral infection of either ____ or influenza virus.

Answer 4

Sinsidial (very invasive)

Question 5

Cystic Fibrosis is an (1) recessive diorder of the exocrine glands. CF gene is on chromosome (2) and causes a gene mutation for (3) conductance regulator invovled in (4) transport.

Answer 5

1. Autosomal
2. 7
3. transmembrane
4. chloride

Question 6

The gene defect assoicated with Cystic Fibrosis causes (5) of thickened (6) in lungs, excessive (7) secretions in the intestinal tract and (8) production of pancreatic enzymes and (9) content in the sweat glands.

Answer 6

5. hypersecretion
6. mucus
7. mucus
8. decreased
9. high salt

Question 7

The only definitive treatment for cystic fibrosis is ____-lung or ____ transplant

Answer 7

heart, lung.

Question 8

With cystic fibrosis, abnormal thick and visous respiraltory tract secretions cause?
These two developments cause?

Answer 8

1. development of microenvironment that is protective of microbial agents.
2. defective mucociliator clearnance
3. chronic airway obstruction and bacterial infection

Question 9

1. With cystic fibrosis, chronic airway obstruction and bacterial infectrion trigger influx of what cell type?
2. and release of what? (2)
3. which results in development of? (3)

Answer 9

1. neutrophils
2. elastase and inflammatory mediators
3. Development of chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and respiratory failure.

Question 10

Acute Tracheobronchial Obstruction is caused by (5)?

Answer 10

1. Aspiration of a foreign body
2. Laryngospasm
3. Trauma
4. Swelling from smoke inhalation
5. epiglottis

Question 11

Acute Tracheobronchial Obstruction shuts down the _____ and requires _____ treatment such as Tracheostomy or Heimlich.

Answer 11

airway, immediate.

Question 12

Acute Tracheobronchial Obstruction can be complete or ____

Answer 12

partial

Question 13

With complete Tracheobronchial Obstruction, patient has what symptoms? (4)

Answer 13

Can’t talk
Tachycardia
Cyanosis
Unconsciousness

Question 14

With Partial Tracheobronchial Obstruction, patient has what 2 symptoms?

Answer 14

cough,

gasping for air

Question 15

Partial tracheobronchial obstruction is more or less common than complete?
Right or Left bronchioles? why?

Answer 15

1. more

2. Right bronchioles b/c they are straighter allowing foreign bodies into the lung.

Question 16

Epiglottis results from rapid progression of?

Answer 16

cellulitis of the epiglottis and oropharynx and adjacent tissues that leads to airway obstruction (bacterial localization causes inflammation that leads to the swelling and obstruction).

Question 17

Epiglottis is typically caused by what bacteria? and seen in what age group>

Answer 17

H. influenzae

children 2-4 years old

Question 18

Epiglottis manifests with difficulty ____ saliva and _____.

Answer 18

swallowing, drooling.

Question 19

Besides tripod positioning, Symptoms of Epiglottis include (6)

Answer 19

dysphagia
sore throat
dysphonia (hoarseness)
fever
stridor (inspiration)
Oropharyngeal redness/edema

Question 20

With Croup syndrome, inflammation of the ____ airway occurs due to a number of acute ____ inflammatory diseases of the larynx with rapid onset. ____ narrowing is seen.

Answer 20

1. entire
2. viral
3. subglottil

Question 21

Croup Syndrome typically occurs in ___ and early ____ and affects children from 3-X months.

Answer 21

fall, winter

6

Question 22

The most common symptom of Croup syndrome is?

Answer 22

Barking dog or seal sound (high pitched shrill sound on inspiration) or STRIDOR