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Nurs212 > N212 Lect 12 > Flashcards

N212 Lect 12 Flashcards

1
Q

the energy needed at rest to maintain life sustaining activities for a specific amount of time is called

A

Basal metabolic Rate ( BMR)

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2
Q

the amount of energy needed to consume over 24 hour period for the body to maintain internal working activities while at rest is called

A

Resting energy expenditure (REE)

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3
Q

the energy necessary for the normal function of numerous body processes is called

A

Nutrients

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4
Q

complex and simple saccharides main source of energy is

A

Carbohydrates

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5
Q

amino acids, necessary for nitrogen balance

A

proteins

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6
Q

saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated, calorie dense

A

Fats

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7
Q

whats the main source of energy in a diet which is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

A

carbohydrates

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8
Q

glucose and fructose are classified as

A

monosaccharides

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9
Q

sucrose, lactose and maltose are

A

disaccharides

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10
Q

monosaccharides and disaccharides are considered

A

simple carbohydrates: found primarily in sugars

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11
Q

starches are polysaccharides, true or false

A

true

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12
Q

polysaccharides are able to be digested, true or false

A

false, unable to digest because we do not have enzymes capable to do that

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13
Q

fiber is considered a

A

polysaccharide

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14
Q

what is essential for growth, maintenance, repair of body tissue, blood clotting, fluid regulation, acid base balance?

A

proteins

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15
Q

protein maintains nitrogen balance, transports nutrients and many drugs in the blood, true or false

A

true

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16
Q

whats the simplest form of protein

A

amino acid

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17
Q

the body doesnt synthesize indispensable amino acids but does synthesize dispensable amino acids, true or false

A

true

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18
Q

when intake of nitrogen is greater than output, body is in positive nitrogen balance, true or false

A

true

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19
Q

positive nitrogen balance is required for growth, normal pregnancy, maintenance of lean muscle mass, wound healing, true or false

A

true

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20
Q

negative nitrogen balance occurs when the body loses more nitrogen than it gains (e.g. infection, burns, fever, starvation, head injury, and trauma), true or false

A

true

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21
Q

what is composed of triglycerides and fatty acids

A

fats(lipids)

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22
Q

what circulates in the blood and are composed of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol

A

triglycerides

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23
Q

fatty acids can be saturated in which carbon in the chain has 2 attached h atoms, true or false

A

true

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24
Q

unsaturated is when there is an unequal number of h atoms attached to the carbon atom attached to each other with a double bond, true or false

A

true

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25
Q

monounsaturated fatty acids have double bond, true or fals

A

true

26
Q

polyunsaturated fatty acids have 2 or more double carbon bonds, true or false

A

true

27
Q

animal fats have saturated fatty acids, vegetables fats have unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, true or false

A

true

28
Q

an organic substance presents in small amounts in foods that are essential to normal metabolism

A

vitamins

29
Q

fat soluble vitamins are A, D, E, K and stored in the fatty compartments of the body, true or false

A

true

30
Q

hypervitaminosis is fat soluble vitamins results from megadoses of supplemental vitamins, excessive amounts in fortified food and large intake of fish oils, true or false

A

true

31
Q

water soluble vitamins are Vitamin C and B complex, true or false

A

true ( they are easily absorbed form the GI tract)

32
Q

inorganic elements essential to the body as catalysts in biochemical reactions

A

minerals

33
Q

macrominerals are calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, Na, K, and chlloride, true or false

A

true

34
Q

microminerals or trace elements are iron, copper, ioding, zinc, flouride, true or false

A

true

35
Q

macrominerals help balance pH in body, acid base balance, true or false

A

true

36
Q

nerve stimulation rom the parasympathetic system increases the GI tract, true or false

A

true

37
Q

all biochemical reactions within the cells of the body is called

A

metabolism

38
Q

building of more complex biochemical substances by synthesis of nutrients is called

A

anabolism

39
Q

breakdown of biochemical substances into simpler substances occurs during physiological states of negative nitrogen balance is called

A

catabolism

40
Q

what is physiologically possible when the body is in positive nitrogen balance

A

metabolism and anabolism

41
Q

the four components to dietary reference intakes (DRI’s) are

A

Estimated average requirement (EAR), recommended dietary allowance (RDA), adequate intake (AI), and tolerable upper intake level (UL)

42
Q

ovolactovegeterian avoids meat, fish and poultry but eats eggs and milk, true or false

A

true

43
Q

lactovegetarian drinks milk but avoids eggs, true or false

A

true

44
Q

fruitarian consumes fruit, nuts, honey and olive oil, true or false

A

true

45
Q

zen macrobiotic consists of brown rice, other grains, and herb teas, true or false

A

true

46
Q

The subjective global assessment (SGA) uses the patient history, weight, and physical assessment to evaluate nutritional status, true or false

A

true

47
Q

the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) screens older adults in home care program, nursing homes, and hospitals, true or false

A

true

48
Q

what is the measurement system of the size and makeup of the body

A

anthropometry

49
Q

BMI measures weight corrected for height and serves as an alternative to traditional height to weight relationship, true or false

A

true

50
Q

patient needs to be weighed at the same time each day, on the same scale and with same clothes, true or false

A

true

51
Q

1 pint or 500ml o fluid = 1lb, true or false

A

true

52
Q

to calculate BMI divide the kg by height meters squared, true or false

A

true

53
Q

nitrogen balance calculated by dividing 6.25 into total grams of protein ingested in a day (24 hrs), true or false

A

true

54
Q

factors that affect serum albumin levels include: hydrations, hemorrhage, renal or hepatic disease, large amounts of drainage from wounds, burns or the GI tract, true or false

A

true

55
Q

difficulty swallowing is called

A

dysphagia

56
Q

enteral tube feeding consists of nasogastric, jejunal and gastric tubes, true or false

A

true

57
Q

if patient is at risk for gastric reflux, jejunal feeding is preferred, true or false

A

true

58
Q

nasogastric or nasojejunal feeding tubes used for less than 4 weeks, true or false

A

true

59
Q

a specific nutritional therapy usage for treating illness, injury or a certain condition is called

A

medical nutrition therapy ( MNT)

60
Q
A

Nurs212 (8 decks)

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