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OTC Drugs > N&V, GI bowels > Flashcards

N&V, GI bowels Flashcards

1
Q

Dimenhydrinate for chemotherapy

A

Given 30 mins before exposure

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2
Q

DOC for n&v pregnancy

A

Diclectin (Pyridoxine 10mg + doxylamine)

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3
Q

Opioid induced n&v OINV DOC

and other drugs

A

Metoclopramide

Perchlorperazine, Diphen, Dimen, Ondansetron, Haloperidol

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4
Q

Post chemo n&v PCNV tx

RX Meclo, Dronabinol, Perchlor

A 
Low emitogenic and Delayed n&v: 
start w Dexamethasone for moderate,
acute emito: 5HT3 ant. Ondan+Dexa
High: dexa+ondan+aprepitant
Anticipatory n&v: BZP Lorazepam
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5
Q

Tx for motion sickness

A

Dimenhydrinate effective for most pts,
Diphenhydramine is the alternative.
Take at least 60mins before, 2nd dose after 6h

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6
Q

Scopolamine transdermal patch use.

A

Place behind ears, 1 patch q72h, can be removed and reused within 72h but should rotate app site

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7
Q

Scopolamine SEs

A

Constipation dry mouth blurred vision skin rash disorientation delirium
not used in children

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8
Q

Drug used for drug induced diarrhea, not to be used for less than 2 days

A

Attapulgite (Kaopectate)

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9
Q

Used in chronic diarrhea, for travelers and H pylori management. CIs and SEs

A

Bismuth subsalicylate BSS
CIs anticoagulants, salicylates, probenecid methotrexate
SEs BLACK STOOL and TONGUE, tinnitus

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10
Q

Other RX tx for diarrhea

A

Cholestyramine- bile acid induced
Codeine- who do not respond to nonRX meds
Clonidine-for diarrhea assoc w opioid withdrawal and diabetic neuropathy
Diphenoxylate- less effective than loperamide
Octreotide- chemo induced and AIDs assoc

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11
Q

Drug induced diarrhea

A 
Antibiotics chemotx drugs, antiinflamm- NSAIDs, Colchicine
Antiarryth- Quinidine
AntiHTN- BB, ACEis
Antacids- Mg, Ranitidine, Omep
Others Misoprostol, Theophylline
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12
Q

What causes travelers diarrhea

A

E coli, Shigella sp and Compylobacter jejuni

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13
Q

DOC for travelers diarrhea

A

Ciprofloxacin 500mg BID f3d
Alternative Azith, Cefixime
cotrimox limited use

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14
Q

Drug that induces constipation

A

anticholinergic: antidepressants antipsychotics antiparkinsons- Levodopa
Cation agents: Al antacids sucralfate CaCO3 and Ca Bi Fe supp
drugs Verapamil, Clonidine Diuretics Cholestyramine NSAIDs opiates vinca alkaloids, sympathomimetics agents and ganglion blockers

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15
Q

osmotic saline stimulant laxatives MOA

A

osmotic and saline laxatives- retains water and allow the stool to pass easier through the bowel
stimulant lax- inc. secretions of water and ions into the lumen and stimulate the bowel wall to contract

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16
Q

Osmotic laxative DOC for hepatic encephalopathies and why

A

Lactulose, DOC due to absorbing ammonia

Glycerine- softens stool, lubricates bowel by inc. water retention

17
Q

Saline lax examples

A

Saline: MgOH Milk of Mg, MgSO4 Epsom salt, NaPO4 fleet enemas, Enemas
Stimulant: Senna, Bisacodyl, Cascara sagrada, Castor oil

18
Q

DOC for opioids induced constipation

A

Senna- faster onset action

19
Q

Kind of laxative that increases anticoagulant effect of due to dec. absorption of vit. K (all fat-soluble vit ADEK)

A

Emollients/Lubricant: mineral oil

20
Q

Best laxatives for infants children adults pregnant Cancer pt and Elderly

A

infants: gly, lactulose, sorbitol
children: MgOH, min oil, lac, sorb
pregnant: bulk forming, stool softener, osmotic, Mg lax
Cancer pt stim. lax with enemas
Elderly: Lac, gly

21
Q

Avoid wc laxatives for infants, pregnant, cancer pt and in longterm opioid pts

A

infants: enemas, min oil and stim. lax
pregnant: stim lax, min and castor oil
cancer pt: bulk lax
long term opioid pts: stim and saline lax

22
Q

Acts by preventing bubbling of liquids in stomach, does not absorb from GIT. No sig. SEs And alternative tx for anti flatulence

A

Simethicone

peppermint, garlic, ginger

23
Q

Abnormally swollen veins in rectum and anus, caused by too much pressure in the rectum forcing the blood to stretch and bugle walls of veins, rupturing them.

A

Hemorrhoids (Pile)

24
Q

DOC for pinworms

SEs and CIs

A

Pyrantel pamoate
SEs n&v dizziness HE, anorexia
CI pregnant and with liver disease
*liq should be shaken well before use

25
Q

Pyrivinium pamoate SEs

A

N&v, abd pain, photosensitivity

26
Q

Another DOC for pinworms for adults and children >2y

A

Mebendazole 100mg single dose, repeated after 1-2wks
SEs abd pain and diarrhea
Taken w meal

OTC Drugs (4 decks)

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