Myra Estrin Levine

Question 1

The proponent of The Conservation Model of Nursing

Answer 1

MYRA ESTRIN LEVINE

Question 2

· the process of change

· a life process by which, overtime, people maintain their wholeness or integrity as they respond to environmental challenges

Answer 2

Adaptation

Question 2

to improve a person’s physical and emotional well-being by considering the four domains of conservation she set out.

Answer 2

The Conservation Model

Question 2

“exists when the interaction or constant adaptations to the environment, permit ease—the assurance of integrity…in all the dimensions of life.”

Answer 2

Wholeness

Question 3

· the product of adaptation
· describes how complex systems continue to function in the face of severe challenges

Answer 3

Conservation

Question 4

balancing the patient’s energy output and energy input to avoid excessive fatigue (rest, nutrition, exercise)

Answer 4

Principle of conservation of ENERGY

Question 5

focusing attention on healing by maintaining or restoring the structure of the body through prevention of physical breakdown (promoting healing)

Answer 5

Principle of conservation of STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

Question 6

maintaining or restoring the individual patient’s sense of identity, self-worth (recognition of unique qualities)

Answer 6

Principle of conservation of PERSONAL INTEGRITY

Question 7

acknowledging patients as social beings (especially with significant others)

Answer 7

Principle of conservation of SOCIAL INTEGRITY

Question 8

Holistic being, constantly strives to preserve
WHOLENESS and INTEGRITY

Answer 8

Human Beings / Person

Question 8

oneness of the individual, emphasizing that they respond in an integrated, singular fashion to environmental challenges

Answer 8

Integrity

Question 9

completes the wholeness of the individual

Answer 9

Environment

Question 10

physiological and pathophysiological aspects, constantly challenged by external environment

Answer 10

Internal Environment

Question 11

PERCEPTUAL
information that is recorded by the
sensory organs

OPERATIONAL
aspects of the environment that
are not directly perceived

CONCEPTUAL
environment of language, ideas, symbols,
concepts, and invention

Answer 11

External Environment

Question 12

• the goal of conservation
• the ability to function in a
  reasonably normal manner
• a wholeness and successful
  adaptation”

Answer 12

Health

Question 13

Holistic response involving the entire
bio-psycho-social-spiritual organism

Answer 13

Organismic Response

Question 14

most primitive biologic responses,
activated whenever a threat is perceived

Answer 14

Response to Fear (Fight or Flight)

Question 15

protects from environmental irritants
and pathogens; primary mechanism for
healing

Answer 15

Inflammatory-Immune Response

Question 16

characterized by predictable,
behavioral, and biological responses to
various nonspecific stressors of life

Answer 16

Response to Stress

Question 17

experience the perceptual components
of the external environment; maintains
safety and seek wholeness

Answer 17

Sensory Response

Question 18

○ “Human interaction”
○ Profession and scientific discipline
○ Conservation of wholeness and integrity
through supporting

Answer 18

Nursing

Question 19

Three characteristics of Adaptation

Answer 19

■ Historicity - patterned responses

■ Specificity - unique adaptive responses

■ Redundancy - availability of multiple adaptive responses