myeloid malignancies (Rachel)

Question 1

acute myeloid leukaemia pathology

Answer 1

uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid cells, displaces normal bone marrow

Question 2

presentation of AML

Answer 2

anaemia 
neutropenia 
thrombocytopenia 
splenomegaly 
bone pain
painful/swollen gums in some cases

Question 3

investigations for AML

Answer 3

blood film - high proportion of blast cells

bone biopsy

Question 4

risk factors for AML

Answer 4

60+

radiation

Question 5

management for AML

Answer 5

MDT
supportive care 
chemo 
cytosine arabinoside 
bone marrow transplant

Question 6

chronic lymphocytic leukaemia pathology

Answer 6

proliferation of B cells

has three phases

Question 7

stages of CML

Answer 7

chronic - lasts 5yrs, usually asymptomatic
accelerated - abnormal blast cells take up lots of the marrow and blood, symptoms start
blast - higher proportion of blast cells, severe symptoms can cause death

Question 8

investigations for CML

Answer 8

FBC - raised WCC

blood smear - many immature lymphocytes

Question 9

risk factors for AML

Answer 9

60-70 yrs

Philadelphia chromosome

Question 10

management of CML

Answer 10

imatinib TKI
hydroxyurea
interferon-alpha
allogenic bone transplant