Myelograms Flashcards
What are the two spots to do a myelogram in dogs and cats? Horse?
OA junction
Lumbar (L5-L6 or L4-L5) - Remember theca sac ends
AO in horse
What is the concentration of iodine used in a myelogram in all animals?
240-280mgI/mL
What is the does of iodinated contrast in the lumbar spine vs Cervical spine?
- 5ml/kg - lumbar
- 25ml/kg - cervical
This is to effect
What gauge needle do you use for the myelogram in a dog and cat?
22g
What are the contraindications for a myelogram?
Meningitis - cloudy CSF
Skin infection
What are we doing it for.
For extradural compression, what contrast column is important in a dog and cat? Horse?
Dog and cat = dorsal and ventral
Horse = just dorsal
What is the “rule” for clinically significant compression in the horse?
50% reduction of the dorsal contrast column when compared to neutral position OR when compared to dorsal contrast column over the vertebral body.
What are the three big types of lesions seen on myelograms?
Extradural
Intradural-extramedullary
Intramedullary
What are the primary differentials for extradural lesions on a myelogram?
Disc Primary bone tumor Ligament hypertropy Fat Meningioma lymphoma hemorrhage empyema
What are the primary differentials for intradural extramedullary lesions on a myelogram?
Neoplasia
Pseudotumors
What are the primary differentials for intramedullary lesions on a myelogram?
Inflammatory
Neoplastic
ANNPE
FCE
What is the dose for an equine myelogram?
50ml OVER 5 min
Draw out 30-40ml of CSF first
What views do you take in a myelogram of a horse?
Extended - Lower cervical
Flexed - midcervical
Neutral - all three areas
Dynamic compression is common in what area of the neck on a young horse?
C4-C5
