MYCOSES (Cutaneous mycoses)

Question 1

Cutaneous mycoses are caused by ____________, fungi that infect only the keratinized tissue (skin, hair, nails)

Answer 1

Dermatophytes

Question 2

3 genera that causes cutaneous mycoses:

Answer 2

1. Microsporum
2. Trichophyton
3. Epidermophyton

Question 3

Dermatophyte genera that infect the skin and hair:

Answer 3

Microsporum

Question 4

Dermatophyte genera that infect the skin, hair, and nails:

Answer 4

Trichophyton

Question 5

Dermatophyte genera that infect the skin and nails:

Answer 5

Epidermophyton

Question 6

Cylindric, smooth-walled macroconidia and characteristic microconidia:

Answer 6

Trichophyton species

Question 7

Tear-shaped microconidia; Pencil-shaped macroconidia, attached directly to hyphae

Answer 7

Trichophyton rubrum

Question 8

grape-like clusters microconidia; cigar-shaped macroconidia connected to hyphae with definite narrow attachment:

Answer 8

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Question 9

Between T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes, which of the two is urease production positive?

Answer 9

T. mentagrophytes (1-3 days)

Question 10

Between T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes, which of the two is positive in hair baiting test:

Answer 10

T. mentagrophytes - penetrates hair shaft

Question 11

“Balloon forms” = aged pleomorphic microconidia; macroconidia absent or rare, distorted:

Answer 11

Trichophyton tonsurans

Question 12

Microconidia (SDA + yeast extract or thiamine), large, clavate, lateral; macroconidia rare, 3-5 cells, thin walled, “Rat tail” shape:

Answer 12

Trichophyton verrucosum

Question 13

Condia absent; Favic chandeliers (antlers, nail-head) and chlamydospores common

Answer 13

Trichophyton schoenleinii

Question 14

Conidia absent; Swollen hyphae containing cytoplasmic granules; colony very slow-growing, violet-purple, waxy, with characteristic violet or deep red pigment/

Answer 14

Trichophyton violaceum

Question 15

Produce distinctive multicellular macroconidia with echinulate walls; conidia are borne singly:

Answer 15

Microsporum species

Question 16

Has large, multicelled, spindle-shaped, rough walled macroconidia; terminal end sometimes curved; Green-yellow fluorescence of ectothrix hairs:

Answer 16

Microsporum canis (zoophilic)

Question 17

Has 3-9 celled, broadly spindle-shaped, rough-walled macroconidia; terminal ends rounded; microconidia, if present, single or in small clusters:

Answer 17

Microsporum gypseum (geophilic)

Question 18

Conidia absent or bizarre if present; atypical vegetative hyphae with terminal chlamydospores, racquet hyphae and favic chandeliers; apple-green fluorescence of ectothrix hairs:

Answer 18

Microsporum audouinii (anthropophilic)

Question 19

Differentiates M. canis from M. audouinii:

Answer 19

Rice agar
- M. canis (+)
- M. audouinii (-)

Question 20

Has large, multi-celled, club-shaped, smooth-walled macroconidia, single or in clusters of 2-3; microconidia not formed

Answer 20

Epidermophyton floccosum

Question 21

Tinea corporis (ringworm) location of lesions:

Answer 21

Nonhairy, smooth skin

Question 22

Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) location of lesions:

Answer 22

Interdigital spaces on feet of person’s wearing shoes

Question 23

Tinea cruris (jock itch) location of lesions:

Answer 23

Groin

Question 24

Tinea capitis location of lesions:

Answer 24

Scalp hair
Endothrix: fungus inside hair shaft
Ectothrix: fungus on surface of hair

Question 25

Tinea barbae location of lesions:

Answer 25

Beard hair

Question 26

Tinea unguium (onychomycosis) location of lesions:

Answer 26

Nail

Question 27

Dermatophytid (d reaction) location of lesions:

Answer 27

Usually sides and flexor aspects of fingers. palm. any site of the body