Mycology Introduction

Question 1

sexual reproduction fungal form

Answer 1

teleomorph

Question 2

asexual fungal form

Answer 2

anamorph

Question 3

what is a mitosporic fungi

Answer 3

term for fungi that lack meiotic stage

Question 4

what is saprophytic fungi

Answer 4

live and feed on dead and decaying organisms

Question 5

what is parasitic fungi

Answer 5

live on animals
cause disease

Question 6

what are mutualistic fungi

Answer 6

both fungi and other organism benefit from relationship

Question 7

major forms

Answer 7

branching hyphae (molds)
unicellular yeasts

Question 8

agar specific for fungi

Answer 8

sabouraud dextrose agar

Question 9

hyphae cell walls

Answer 9

mainly carbohydrate components
chitin macromolecules with cellulose cross linkages

Question 10

yeast cell walls

Answer 10

protein complexed with polysaccharides
lipid compounds

Question 11

what are the spore bearing structures

Answer 11

aerial hyphae

Question 12

what is asexual division in most yeasts

Answer 12

budding

Question 13

main difference between pseudohyphase and mycelium (true hyphae)

Answer 13

true hyphae (mycelium) grow on culture media

Question 14

arthroconidia (arthrospores)

Answer 14

spores formed and subsequently released during process of hyphal fragmentation
can be successive or with intervening empty cells (every other is a spore)

Question 15

blastoconidia (basltospores)

Answer 15

conidia produced by budding from a mother cell, hyphae, or pseudohyphae

Question 16

chlamydoconidia (chlamydospores)

Answer 16

thick walled resistant spores, contain storage products
formed in unfavorable environmental conditions

Question 17

macroconidia

Answer 17

large multicelled conidia
produced by dermatophytes in culture

Question 18

microconidia

Answer 18

small conidia
produced by certain dermatophytes

Question 19

phialoconidia

Answer 19

conidia produced from phialides
conidia eventually separate from structure and form colonies
aspergillus philaides arise from a vesicle

Question 20

sporangiospores

Answer 20

spores formed by zygomycetes
released when a mature sporangium ruptures

Question 21

colony textures

Answer 21

cotton
velvety
granular
glabrous

Question 22

fungal topography

Answer 22

rugose
umbonate
verrucose

Question 23

hyphae strucutre

Answer 23

favic chandeliers
racquet hyphae
spiral hyphae

Question 24

predispose to fungal invasion

Answer 24

immunosuppression
prolonged antibiotic therapy
immunological defects
immaturity, aging, malnutrition
heavy exposure to fungal spores
traumatized tissues
peristent moisture
neoplasia

Question 25

mechanisms of fungal disease

Answer 25

tissue invasion – mycosis
toxin production – mycotoxicosis
induction of hypersensitivity

Question 26

diagnosis of fungal diseases

Answer 26

10% KOH
SDA
calcofluor white
india ink or nigrrosin
gram or methylene blue stain
FAT
PAS
methenamine silver stain and counterstain
wright or giemsa stain