Mycology and antifungals Flashcards
Fungi
Eukaryotic, chitinous cell wall, heterotrophic (eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients)
Yeasts are small single celled organisms that divide by _______
budding
Moulds form multicellular h____ and spores
hyphae
What are dimorphic fungi
fungi that switch between being yeast and mould when conditions suit
Fungi plasma membrane contains e_____ (instead of cholesterol in humans)
ergosterol
When there are storms/lightning, sensitised people may develop a____ due to mould spores
asthma
Mucosal c_______ is a common and recurrent disease causes significant morbidity
candidiasis
Mucosal candidiasis is commonly known as t____
thrush
Dermatophyte infection are spread…
human-human or animal-human
Ringworm is/isn’t a worm!
Isn’t - its a fungi
Treatment of dermatophytes
topical or oral azoles or terbinafine
Dimorphic fungi release c______ and can be life-threatening
chlamydia
Dimorphic fungi spores convert to ____ form at 37 degrees
yeast
Coccidioides are most common in warm, arid conditions in…
South West USA
Invasive candidiasis is mostly due to infection of p______ devices or intra-abdominal disease
prosthetic
Cryptococcus causes acute or chronic m_____ in patients with reduced cell mediated immunity
meningitis
Cryptococcus is associated with bird guano and r____ w___
rotting wood
Invasive aspergillosis is normally associated with profound immunocompromise or severe v___ infection
viral
What is the treatment of choice for invasive aspergillosis?
Voriconazole
Mucoraceous moulds (zygomyctes) are rare but causes rapidly progressive infection that cross t____ planes
tissue
Mucoraceious moulds need aggressive a_____ t_____ and surgery for optimal outcomes
antifungal therapy
Pneumocystis jirovecii causes a p______ with severe hypoxia in the immunocompromised
pneumonitis
Fungi can be challenging to treat because…
We have relatively few classes of agent effective against them
