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JG Q n A > My IEC > Flashcards

My IEC Flashcards

1
Q

Adult breathing rate

A

16-20 bpm

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2
Q

Child breathing rate

A

20-30 bpm

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3
Q

Infant breathing rate

A

30+ bpm

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4
Q

Agonal gasps are a sign of?

A

Cardiac arrest

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5
Q

Adult pulse rate

A

60-80 beats per min

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6
Q

Child pulse rate

A

100-140 beats per min

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7
Q

Infant pulse rate

A

140+ beats per min

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8
Q

AVPU

A

Alert
Voice
Pain
Unresponsive

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9
Q

AVPU scale recorded where?

A

Casualty report form

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10
Q

Adult basic life support

2 people

A

DR Help AB 30/2

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11
Q

AED started when?

A

25th compression of 5th cycle

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12
Q

Adult basic life support

Alone

A

DR help AB 999 30/2

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13
Q

Adult drowning
And
Child life support

A

5 breaths 1 min CPR, 999

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14
Q

Adult compression depth

A

5-6cm

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15
Q

Adult and child compression rate

A

100-120 comps per min

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16
Q

Job if 2nd person during adult basic life support

A

Get BVM set up (adult/child)
Sets AED
Gets ambulance

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17
Q

Basic life support (child)

2 people

A

DR help AB 5 30/2

Lone = stay 30/2
2 people = 15/2 after shock given

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18
Q

Child AED when?

A

After 2 mins CPR

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19
Q

Child compression depth

A

1/3 of chest depth

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20
Q

Choking assessment severe?

A

Severity?
(Ineffective cough)
Unconscious? =CPR
Conscious 5 back slap 5 thrusts

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21
Q

Choking assessment
(Mild)
Adult , child and infants

A

Severity?
Effective cough
Monitor cough effectiveness

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22
Q

Choking

Infants

A

Unconscious?

CPR
Open airway
5 breaths

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23
Q

Sample acronym

A 
Signs/symptoms
Allergies
Medication
Previous medical history
Last eaten?
Events leading up to incident
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24
Q

LAS hand over

CHAT

A

Chief complaint
History, events, allergies, medication (heam)
Associated injuries
Treatment given

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25
Q

4 types of shock

A 
Cardiogenic 
(poor heart function)
Neurogenic
(Adverse reaction on nervous system)
Anaphylactic
(Severe allergic reaction)
Hypovalaemic
(Loss of body fluids)
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26
Q

Shocks signs/symptoms

A 
Pale cold clammy skin
Rapid weak pulse
Rapid shallow breathing
Nausea vomiting thirst 
Restless anxious faint 
Unconscious
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27
Q

Shock treatment

A 
Lay down
Give OXY
Treat cause
Elevate legs
Keep warm
Monitor 
Get help
Nil by mouth
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28
Q

Oxygen administration

Figures

A

200 litres
200 bar
12 LPM
16 mins duration

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29
Q

Hudson free flow mask

Oxygen percentage

A

96-98%

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30
Q

BVM oxygen percentage

A

85%

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31
Q

Who can get oxygen?

A

All except known Paraquat

Poisoning

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32
Q

What should I do if oxy patient breathing rate drops below 10 breaths per min?

A

Remove oxy
Monitor?
Above 10 = re-apply Hudson
Below 10 = BVM

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33
Q

Oxygen handover to LAS

A 
Percentage given
Flow rate
Duration
Reason for oxygen
Effectiveness
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34
Q

AED treats what ?

A

VF

VT

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35
Q

AED power for shock?

A

150 joules

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36
Q

AED preparation

A

Dry chest
Shave hair
Remove medicine patches
Avoid pacemakers

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37
Q

When do u use child key for AED?

A

8 years and under

Or 55lbs/25kg or less

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38
Q

With key inserted what is the shock power of AED?

A

50 joules

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39
Q

No key available for AED?

A

Shock as per adult, inform LAS

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40
Q

AED pad locations for child/ infant

A

Anterior and posterior

Front and back middle

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41
Q

AED test

A

Daily self test
(Flashing green light)
FRx pads must be connected to AED at all times

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42
Q

OP airway measuring method

A

Corner of mouth to earlobe

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43
Q

2 methods of airway stabilisation

A

Head tilt chin lift

Jaw thrust (if spinal injuries suspected)

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44
Q

New AED battery lasts how long?

A

4 hours op time
4 years shelf life
200 shocks

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45
Q

Medical patch on casualties chest

A

Remove patch

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46
Q

ECG memory time in AED?

A

15 mins

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47
Q

3 basic steps to using AED?

A

Press green button
Follow voice commands
Press Orange shock button if required

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48
Q

AED advises NO shock but no signs of life

A

Carry on CPR

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49
Q

Green light flashing
Replace used / expired supplies
Check outside of defibrillator
What heck is this?

A

Daily

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50
Q

AED said shock not delivered.

What should u do?

A

Press pads firmly to chest

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51
Q

Hand placement for CPR

A

Lower half of sternum

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52
Q

Correct rate CPR (2 people)

A

15/2

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53
Q

Mild airway encourage to?

A

Cough

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54
Q

Symptoms of SCA?

A

Unconscious and not breathing normally

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55
Q

Foreign body enters child airway, encourage what?

A

Cough

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56
Q

Actions if infant choking

A

5 back blows

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57
Q

Fist placement for abdominal thrusts

A

Between naval and bottom of breastbone

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58
Q

How many CPR cylcles for unwitnessed cardiac arrest

A

5 cycles

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59
Q

Heart size

A

Clenched fist

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60
Q

Muscular parts of heart

A

Ventricles

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61
Q

Resting heart rate of a child

A

100-140 beats per min

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62
Q

Left ventricles specific function

A

Receive blood from left atrium

Pump around body via aorta

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63
Q

Special cells near opening of superior vena cava

A

Sinoatrial node

SA node

64
Q

VT is

A

Rapid heart beat

65
Q

Cardiac arrest management

A

Immediate CPR

Restoration of normal rhythm by defibrillaton

66
Q

Carry blood back to heart

What vessels are these

A

Veins

67
Q

What heart condition is glycerol trinitrate used to treat?

A

Angina

68
Q 
Severe Chest pain
Radiating to both sides of chest, neck, arms and back.
Sweating faintness giddiness nausea
Vomiting 
Shallow breathing cyanosis 
Impending doom sense is?
A

Heart attack

69
Q

How do u measure a stiff neck collar

A

Bottom of chin to top of shoulder

70
Q

Peha-haft cohesive bandage cannot be placed on the limbs, why?

A

Reduces venous and arterial blood flow

71
Q

Primary use of Op-site post op dressing is to what?

A

Prevent more air entering g thoracic cavity through stab or gun wound causing pneumothorax

72
Q

N A dressings are for what injuries?

A

Bleeding wounds

73
Q

Post stiff neck collar fitting, maintain what?

A

Manual inline stabilisation is maintained

74
Q

Peha-haft is primarily for what?

A

Scalp wounds

75
Q

Post OP-site dressing, what position?

A

Semi recumbent

76
Q

Stiff neck collar colours denote?

A

Collar size

77
Q

How many different sizes of peha-haft bandage is there?

A

2 sizes

78
Q

How should the Op-site dressing be placed on the casualty?

A

Cut end pointing down

79
Q

Coloured block prevents what?

A

Casualty biting down hard and obstructing airway

80
Q

V vac pump goes in how far?

A

As far as u can still see the yellow intake valve end

81
Q

When NOT to use oropharyngeal airway?

A

If correct size is NOT available

82
Q

Improper size of OP airway will cause?

A

Bleeding in the airway

83
Q

V vac cartridge fills up, what now?

A

Open exhaust valve and carry on

84
Q

4 colours of OP airway bite blocks

A

Red
Orange
Green
White

ROGW

85
Q

Casualty shows signs of oP airway rejection?

A

Remove it immediately

86
Q

Manual airway stabilisation if OP airway fitted and suspect C spine injury

A

Jaw thrust

87
Q

OP airway is from the mouth to the ?

A

Pharynx

88
Q

V vac pump chamber disposal?

A

Hand to ambulance crews

89
Q

Blunt trauma to chest description?

A

Chest impacting with steering wheel of car

90
Q

Air leaks from inside lung to chest wall cavity is?

A

Pneumothorax

91
Q

Air composition and percentage

A

21% oxygen

79% nitrogen

92
Q

Lung lobes

A

2 left

3 right

93
Q

Epiglottis function

A

Protects top of larynx when food or liquid is swallowed

94
Q

External respiration take place where?

A

In the lungs

95
Q

Emphysema is a lung disease involving damage to?

A

Alveoli

96
Q

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

97
Q

Chest injury signs

A 
Breathing difficulty
Panic
Anxiety
Cyanosis
Pain at injury site
Fast heart
Fast breathing
Asymmetry of chest wall
98
Q

Newton’s first law of inertia

A

Body at rest remains at rest

Body in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an outside force

99
Q

Classic sign of head injury following RTA

A

“Bulls eye” or “spiders web” pattern on screen

100
Q

RTA rear impact suspected injuries

A

“C” spine and back injuries

101
Q

Up and over and down under

A

Frontal impact

102
Q

Lateral impact injuries

A

Abdomen/Pelvis
Chest
Neck
Head

103
Q

How do u deal with a Penetrating wound?

A

Build up bandage around object
Leave object in situ
Give oxygen

104
Q

Problems associated with maxillo- facial injuries?

A

Broken facial bones / teeth may compromise airway and cause severe blood loss

105
Q

Base of skull fracture cause

A

Indirect force like a fall and landing on feet or lower spine

106
Q

Types of head injury may be confronted by

A

Scalp wounds
Depressed skull fracture
Brain injuries

107
Q

Concussion signs

A

Vacant stare
Disorientated
Lack of coordination
Confused

108
Q

Brain compression injury signs

A 
Unequal pupils 
Un-alert
Hot skin
Slow pulse
Unresponsive
Massive head ache
Noisy breathing
109
Q

Treatment for head injuries

A

ABCD, oxygen, control bleeding,

Check responsiveness

110
Q

Chemicals entered eyes

A

Eye wash 15 mins
Cover both eyes
Get to hospital

111
Q

Other injury possible with a black eye

A

Skull fracture

112
Q

Treatment for embedded object in eye?

A

Dressing to cover both eyes

Get to hospital

113
Q

Why dress both eyes for eye injuries?

A

Prevent eyes from moving

114
Q

What is a complicated fracture?

A

Important structure injury and
Dislocation injury
Shattered bones
Broken bones impact each other

115
Q

Fracture causes?

A

Direct and indirect force
Muscular action
Pathological

116
Q

Fracture signs and symptoms

A 
Pain at or near site 
Irregular lumps
Depressions
Tender to touch
Swelling
Deformity
Unnatural movement
117
Q

Over stretching and ligament tear is?

And treatment is?

A

Sprain

Rest, support,
cold compress
Oxygen

118
Q

Dislocation management

A

Do not move
Do not straighten

Immobilise
Oxygen

119
Q

Rapid assessment of pelvic injury vital, why

A

Multiple blood vessels are located in the pelvic area and could be damaged

120
Q

Why shouldn’t a casualty pass urine with suspected pelvic fracture?

A

Emptying bladder could cause a tear on the bladder wall.

121
Q

Why is the pelvis not sprung?

A

May cause catastrophic bleeding

122
Q

Spinal injury symptoms

A

Loss of feeling
Paralysis below injury site
Pins and needles above site

123
Q

Spinal injury management

A 
ABC
Oxygen
Collar 
Secondary survey
Immobilise legs and feet
Secure to back board
124
Q

Shock caused by loss of body fluids, infection and damage to respiratory tract, breathing in hot air and gases are associated with what type of burn?

A

Thermal burn

125
Q

3 depths of burn

A

Superficial
Partial thickness
Full thickness

126
Q

Using the casualties hand, what percentage of burn area will that give you?

A

1 %

127
Q

A complete water gel burns pack will cover what percentage of an adult body?

A

12.5%

128
Q

What time critical features of burns require hospitalisation?

A

Any major ABCD
Full thickness burns

Mixed pattern of burn depth
Circumferential burns
Hot air / gas inhalation
Partial thickness burns of 1%+
Superficial burns of 5%+
Face, feet, hands, genital burns
129
Q

How long should u cool a chemical and thermal burn?

A

Chemical 20 mins

Thermal 10 mins

130
Q

Why should u try and remove rings and watches from casualty?

A

Can cause constriction

131
Q

Shocked casualty signs and symptoms?

A

Rapid pulse

Cold clammy skin

132
Q

Hypovalaemic shock casualty position?

A

Laid down

Feet raised

133
Q

Clothing alight action?

A

Stop
Drop
Wrap and Roll

134
Q

When should a crash helmet be removed?

A

When an airway can NOT be managed

135
Q

How many persons needed to remove a rash helmet?

A

Two

136
Q

When does the person managing the “C” spine grasp the casualties mandible and rear of neck?

A

Before person at the head tilts helmet backwards

137
Q

Whose responsibility is it to unfasten or it the chin strap of the helmet?

A

The person managing the “C” spine

138
Q

Who is responsible for casualty log roll?

A

Person at the head

139
Q

What is the orthopaedic or scoop stretcher designed for?

A

Lifting and carrying casualties without complicating or aggravating injuries.

140
Q

How would you place a casualty on the long back board that is standing?

A

Apply collar
Maintain “C” spine
Board behind casualty
Gently lower board to ground

141
Q

Serious problems with ABCDE, penetrating trauma to the head, neck, chest, blunt trauma to the chest and an unsafe scene are indications of what?

A

Rapid extrication

142
Q

Procedure for open or flip face helmet?

A

Same procedure as full faced

143
Q

When packaging a casualty on the long back board, what is the last action to e completed prior to removal by ambulance ?

A

Head blocks are placed and straps tightened

144
Q

6 wounds

A 
Contusion
Laceration
Incision
Puncture
Graze
Gunshot
145
Q

ABCDE

A 
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Expose
146
Q

3 Ps

A

Preserve
Prevent
Promote

147
Q

4 Bs

A

Breathing
Bleeding
Burns
Bones

148
Q

Unconscious reasons

Fish shaped

A

Fainting
Infantile convulsions
Shock
Head injury

Stroke
Heart attack
Asphyxia 
Poisons
Epilepsy
Diabetes
149
Q

Shock treatment

lotek man

A 
Lay down
Oxygen
Treat cause
Elevate legs
Keep warm

Monitor
Ambulance
Nil by mouth

150
Q

Info to gather from patient

sample

A 
Signs / symptoms
(Get name)
Allergies
Medication
Previous history
Last eaten
Events leading up to incident

(Remember what they say!!!)

151
Q

Soft tissue injury treatment

RICE

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

152
Q

If child key becomes available after an adult shock has been delivered to a child?

A

Stay adult shock mode

153
Q

Baby or Infant description

A

0-1 year

154
Q

Child description

A

1 to puberty

155
Q

Adult description

A

Puberty and beyond

156
Q

What side should a pregnant woman be laid in the recovery position?

A

On her left always

Prevents compression of inferior vena cava

JG Q n A (6 decks)

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