MWH Enlightenment Scientists and thinkers Flashcards
Who created the Printing press?
1455 - Johannes Gutenberg launched a revolution in ideas- he invented the Printing Press.
Who is Johannes Gutenberg?
He published the first printed book - the Gutenberg Bible
What were the advances in technology as the result of the Enlightenment?
The science of mapmaking (known as cartography) improved
Improved ship designs: The Portuguese and Spanish were building caravels that were small, and fast.
Improvements were also made to the compass and weapons.
What could the Catholic church do in the 1500s?
They owned approximately 1/3 of all the land in Europe.
European kings had to do what the Church said or they risked ex-communication.
The pope could even excommunicate an entire country.
What did Martin Luther do?
In 1517, Luther wrote a list of 95 arguments against Church indulgences (Taking money to receive salvation)
Luther refused to take back his arguments so he was excommunicated and outlawed.
Luthers Teachings
Salvation is achieved through faith, not sacraments, ceremonies, or rituals
The Bible is the sole source of religious truth, not the priests and the pope
All Christians have equal access to God and the Bible
How did King Henry VIII kill his wives?
Aunulled, Beheaded, Died, Annulled, Beheaded and survived
What did Bloody Mary Do?
She restored relations with the Pope and Catholic church as well as killed any protestants to her.
What is protestantism?
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity, a movement that began in the 16th century with the goal of fixing the Catholic Church from perceived errors (Abuse, greed, etc.)
What is the Roman Inquisition?
The Roman Inquisition began in 1542 as part of the Catholic Church’s Counter-Reformation against the spread of Protestantism
Roman Inquisition used secret testimonies and torture to find heretics and abuse them if found guilty.
What happened because of the Roman Inquisition?
The Catholic Reformation stopped the momentum of the Protestant Reformation
Europe remained divided into a Catholic South and a Protestant North
What did Henry VII do?
Created the Church of Europe because he wanted to annul his wife.
