Mutations

Question 1

What are gene mutations?

Answer 1

Involve the change in DNA base sequence of chromosomes

Question 2

What is the type of errors?

Answer 2

• Substitution
• Deletion

Question 3

What is the substitution?

Answer 3

One base is substituted with another

ATGCCT -> ATTCCT

Question 4

What is deletion?

Answer 4

One base is deleted

ATGCCT - ATCCT

Question 5

What does the order of the DNA bases in a gene determine?

Answer 5

Order of amino acids in a particular protein

Question 6

What happens if there is a mutation in DNA bases of gene?

Answer 6

Sequence of amino acid it codes for could be altered

Question 7

How do all substitution mutations result in a change to the amino acid?

Answer 7

Degenature nature of the genetic code - some amino acids are coded by more than one DNA base triplet

Some code for the same amino acid

Question 8

How will the deletion of bases change the amino acid sequence?

Answer 8

Changes the number of bases present

Cause a sift in all bases triplets after it

Question 9

Examples of mutagenic agents

Answer 9

• Ultraviolet radiation
• Ionising radiation
• Some chemicals and some viruses examples of mutagenic agents