mutations

Question 1

mutations

Answer 1

changes in DNA

Question 2

point mutations

Answer 2

adds or removes a single nucleotide (substitution, insertion, deletion)

Question 3

substitution mutations

Answer 3

one nucleotide replaces another type of nucleotide (effects= silent, missense, nonsense)

Question 4

silent

Answer 4

substitution results in a new codon that codes for the same amino acid

Question 5

missense

Answer 5

substitute results in a different amino acid

Question 6

nonsense

Answer 6

substitution results in creation of a stop codon

Question 7

frameshift mutations

Answer 7

one or two nucleotides being added or removed altering every codon from that point onwards, resulting in loss of function

Question 8

chromosomal mutations

Answer 8

involves large sections of chromosomes (two forms= polyploidy and block)

Question 9

polyploidy

Answer 9

when a normally diploid cell acquires one or more additional sets of chromosomes

Question 10

block mutations

Answer 10

effect large sections of chromosomes, typically multiple genes