Genetic changes in populations

Question 1

natural selection

Answer 1

organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

Question 2

Process of natural selection

Answer 2

Variation in population, selection pressure effects the population, some have selective advantage, pass on heritable advantage

Question 3

selection pressures

Answer 3

climate conditions, competition for resources, predators

Question 4

evolution

Answer 4

change in genetic composition of populations over time

Question 5

species

Answer 5

group of individuals that are genetically similar enough to produce fertile offspring when interbreeding

Question 6

gene flow

Answer 6

transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another eg. migration into or out of a population

Question 7

genetic drift

Answer 7

allele frequencies in a gene pool may change randomly over time due to chance e.g. bottleneck and founder

Question 8

bottleneck effect

Answer 8

population size greatly reduced for at least one generation, leading to interbreeding and decreased genetic diversity

Question 9

founder effect

Answer 9

small group from larger population move to a new location to est. a new population, decreased genetic diversity