Mutations

Question 1

What are 3 types of frameshift mutations?

Answer 1

deletion
insertion
duplication

Question 2

What is a translocation mutation?

Answer 2

bases become separated from DNA sequence on one chromosome and are inserted into the DNA sequence on another chromosome

Question 3

What are the types of mutation?

Answer 3

inversion
deletion/insertion
translocation
duplication
substitution

Question 4

What is an inversion mutation?

Answer 4

bases are removed from DNA then rejoin in the same location in reverse order

Question 5

What are 3 causes of gene mutations?

Answer 5

chemical mutagens
ionising radiation
spontaneous errors

Question 6

What are 2 examples of chemical mutagens?

Answer 6

alcohol, benzene, tar in tabbaco

Question 7

What are 2 examples of ionising radiation?

Answer 7

alpha, beta, X-rays and UV

Question 8

How might a mutation be neutral?

Answer 8

occurs in non-coding introns
silent mutation
change in tertiary structure does not impact the organism

Question 9

What is a mutation?

Answer 9

an alteration in the genetic sequence

Question 10

Why does changing a base have a big impact?

Answer 10

impacts primary structure, which determines location of bonds therefore impacting tertiary structure. As these are specific it can cause them to become non-functioning

Question 11

What is a silent mutation?

Answer 11

a mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence, these happen because DNA is degenerate