Muslim Empires

Question 1

Mohammed

Answer 1

was born in Mecca and at 25 married and had 6 children. He had revelations that
took 22 years to complete and come to him, which comprise the Koran. In 622 he moves to MEDINA
because no one believed him in Mecca, and the religion flourishes greatly. Here is when he also
separates himself from the Jews.

Question 2

Mecca

Answer 2

City in which Mohammed is born and is the religious capital of Islam

Question 3

Medina (funky cold)

Answer 3

City in which Islam flourishes and where Mohammed goes to teach after
no one in Mecca believes him

Question 4

Quran (Koran)

Answer 4

Is a collection of revelations that came to Mohammed over the course of 22
years.

Question 5

Surah’s (verses of the Quran)

Answer 5

Chapters of the Koran

Question 6

Hajj

Answer 6

Is the pilgrimage that every member of Islam must make at least once in there life to
Mecca

Question 7

Ottoman Empire

Answer 7

Spread from turkey. They convert to Islam in the 13th century. By 1500 AD
they had spread the empire to Serbia, Romania, Poland, and Russia. Strong gov’t. Jews and
Christians were tolerated but could not hold office or bear arms. The empire did last till after WW I
The empire falls because of economic, military, political and technological problems
1. Economic problems b/c of shifting trade routes.
2. Military and Political problems because of decentralization.
3. Technological deficiencies for not keeping up with western advances.

Question 8

Suleiman the Magnificent

Answer 8

was the first most notable SULTAN RULER of the empire from
1526 to 1566 AD he granted diplomatic immunity to Christians and Europeans because he
understood the difference between the religions.

Question 9

Grand Vizier

Answer 9

–MINISTER of the sultan of this very civilized government.

Question 10

Ulema

Answer 10

Were learned men that studied the KORAN and were the religious men and
governmental arm of the law in the OTTOMAN EMPIRE. Gave moral authority to ruling authority

Question 11

Sharija / SHARIA

Answer 11

Strict fundamentalist Islamic law

Question 12

Janissaries

Answer 12

These were the troops for the empire. An elite group comprised mostly of Balkan
Christian boys.

Question 13

Shiite

Answer 13

Is the Islamic sect that believes that the CALIPH must be a blood line descendent of
Mohammed.

Question 14

Sunni

Answer 14

Is the Islamic sect that believes that the CALIPH just has to be a good noble Islam

Question 15

Safavid Empire

Answer 15

was started in 1510 AD by a SHIITE leader and ended in 1720 AD then known
as Persia

Question 16

Shah Abbas I

Answer 16

Greatest leader Safavid achieved territorial gains, built mosques parks palaces

Question 17

Mughal Empire

Answer 17

Started in INDIA began in late 7th century but its true power was from 1526 to
1707 AD. It was a very multi-cultural society. South Asia

Question 18

Akbar the Great

Answer 18

Was the greatest ruler of the Mughal Empire in the late 16th century.
Centralized gov’t. introduced reforms. Religious toleration, wanted to heal divide between Hindus and
Muslims. He married a HINDU princess which endeared the Hindu population to follow him. He allows
for religious tolerance and becomes a vegetarian as well to gain support from the Hindu’s

Question 19

Shah Jahan

Answer 19

Akbar’s grandson He built the Taj Mahal

Question 20

Taj Mahal

Answer 20

Was built by SHAH JAHAN to house the tomb of his wife MUMTAZ.

Question 21

Aurangzeb

Answer 21

Last leader of the empire and it becomes too large and decentralized which is what
opens the door to the British to enter and seize control from them.