Muskuloskeletal & Connective Tissues - Exam 4

Question 1

Rheumatoid Arthritis vs Osteoarthritis

- typical onset age

Answer 1

RA - 35-45 yrs old

OA - older than 60

Question 2

Rheumatoid Arthritis vs Osteoarthritis

- gender affected

Answer 2

RA - female 3:1

OA - female 2:1`

Question 3

Rheumatoid Arthritis vs Osteoarthritis

- disease pattern

Answer 3

RA - bilateral, symmetric, usually upper extremities 1st, systemic

OA - may be unilateral, single joint, affects wt bearing joints, hands, and spine
nonsystemic

Question 4

Rheumatoid Arthritis vs Osteoarthritis

- disease process

Answer 4

RA - inflammatory

OA - degenerative

Question 5

Rheumatoid Arthritis vs Osteoarthritis

- drug of choice

Answer 5

OA - acetaminophen (b/c not an inflammatory disease)
topical creams/patches: lidocaine patch (not for pt taking class 1 antidysrhythmics; Buspar cream

Question 6

T score

Answer 6

• Tells pt’s level of bone mass density
• closer to zero (0) the better
• score of -1 < -2.5 = osteopenia
• score

Question 7

strain

Answer 7

excessive stretching of muscle or tendon when it’s weak or unstable

1st degree: mild inflammation/bruising/tenderness
2nd degree: tearing of muscle/tendon fibers w/o complete disruption
3rd degree: ruptured muscle/tendon; severe pain

Tx w/cold and heat; exercise and limit activities; anti-inflammatories; muscle relaxants;

Question 8

sprain

Answer 8

• excessive stretching of a ligament
• usually from a twisting motion

Tx:
1st degree: RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation
2nd degree: immobilization
3rd degree: immobilization for 4-6 weeks

Question 9

stages of bone healing

Answer 9

1. hematoma formation
2. fibrocarilaginous callus formation
3. osteoblastic proliferation / bony callus formation
4. bone remodeling

Question 10

signs of hypovolemic shock

Answer 10

tachycardia

hypotension

Question 11

main purpose of skin (aka Buck’s) traction

Answer 11

• to decrease painful muscle spasms that accompany hip fractures
• weight is used as pulling force
• 5-10 lbs used
• weights DO NOT rest on ground
• ck skin integrity Q8H

Question 12

skeletal traction

Answer 12

• screws surgically inserted directly into bone
• allow use of heavier weights (15-30 lbs)
• aids in realignment of bone
• pin site care = important