Music Of 20th Century Flashcards
It is an art movement in painting that started in France in 1860.
IMPRESSIONISM (in art)
It is characterized by visual impression of the moment in terms of the shifting effect of color and light.
IMPRESSIONISM (in art)
Impressionist artists paint with many colors and their usual subjects are the outdoors: for example, _____ landscape.
IMPRESSIONISM (in art)
- nature’s
The name of the style was derived from the title of _______ work, Impression, soleil Levant.
IMPRESSIONISM (in art)
-Claude Monet
It was adapted from Art Impressionism.
IMPRESSIONISM (in music)
The French turned against Germans Romantic Music because for them Romantic music was ____, too _____ and ______.
IMPRESSIONISM (in music)
- too heavy
- too pretentious
- too bombastic
IMPRESSIONISM in music started and developed in _____.
France
What style of music is impressionism music?
It is a style of music that makes use of sound to let the listener feel the moods that focus on the structure of music .
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (Impressionism)
• Rhythm
• Melody
• Form
• Harmony
• Texture
• Dynamics
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (Impressionism)
Rythm
• Vague and Free
• irregular phrases
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (Impressionism)
Melody
use of whole tone scales and
use of modality
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (Impressionism)
Form
use of short forms such as nocturne and prelude
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (Impressionism)
Harmony
use of primary intervals
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (Impressionism)
Texture
sonority (group of notes sounded simultaneously)
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (Impressionism)
Dynamics
written in French rather than Italian
IMPRESSIONISM COMPOSERS
• Claude Debussy
• Maurice Ravel
COMPOSERS
Born in St. Germain en Laye, France
Impressionism:
Claude Debussy
COMPOSERS
Born on August 22, 1862
Impressionism:
Claude Debussy
COMPOSERS
His Parents were Manuel Achille Debussy and Victorine Manoury.
Impressionism:
Claude Debussy
COMPOSERS
His first formal school was the Paris Conservatoire at the age of 10.
Impressionism:
Claude Debussy
IMPRESSIONISM COMPOSERS
Enumerate Claude Debussy’s works/creation
Fetes
Prelude to the Afternoon of a Fawn
Nuages
Pelleas et Melisande
La Mer
Claire de Lune (Moonlight)
COMPOSERS
Fetes
Claude Debussy
COMPOSERS
Prelude to the Afternoon of a Fawn
Claude Debussy
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Nuages
Claude Debussy
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Pelleas et Melisande
Claude Debussy
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
La Mer
Claude Debussy
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Claire de Lune
Claude Debussy
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Moonlight
Claude Debussy
COMPOSERS
He was born on march 7, 1875
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Born in Ciboure, France to a Basque mother and a Swiss father.
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
He entered the Paris Conservatory at the age of 14
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
IMPRESSIONISM COMPOSERS
Enumerate the works/creations of Maurice Ravel
• Bolero
• Daphnis et Chloe
• Pavane for a Dead Princess
• Water Fountains
• Sonatine for Piano
• Miroirs (Mirrors)
COMPOSERS
Bolero
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Daphnis et Chloe
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Pavane for a dead princess
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Water fountains
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Sonatine for piano
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Miroirs
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
COMPOSERS
Mirrors
Maurice Ravel
Impressionism
originally borrowed from visual and literature during the early 20th century.
EXPRESSIONISM (in art)
EXPRESSIONISM (in art)
It focuses on expressing one’s emotions, like angst, despair, anger and grief.
Mainly in German
EXPRESSIONISM in MUSIC
EXPRESSIONISM in MUSIC
It revealed the composer’s mind, instead of presenting an impression of the environment.
It used _______ and the _______ scale, ____________ and _____________.
EXPRESSIONISM in MUSIC
- atonality
- twelve-tone scale
- lacking stable
- and conventional harmonies
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (expressionism)
Melody
Harmony
Texture
Dynamics
Forms
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (expressionism)
Melody
Angular melodies
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (expressionism)
Harmony
ATONAL High Level of Dissonance
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (expressionism)
Texture
Constantly changing
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (expressionism)
Dynamics
Extreme contrasts
MUSICAL ELEMENTS (expressionism)
Forms
• Episodic
• Fragmentary
EXPRESSIONISM COMPOSER
Arnold Schoenberg
EXPRESSIONISM COMPOSER
He was born in a working-class suburb of Vienna
Arnold Schoenberg
EXPRESSIONISM COMPOSER
Born on September 13, ____.
1874
EXPRESSIONISM COMPOSER
He taught himself ________, but took lessons in counterpoint.
Music theory
EXPRESSIONISM COMPOSER
Enumerate Arnold Schoenberg’s works/creations.
• Pierrot Lunaire
• Prelude from suite for piano OP 25
• Pelleas and Melisande
• Peripetie
• Erwartung short opera
• Gurreleider
• Moses und Aron an opera
• Transfigured night
ELECTRONIC MUSIC
It refers to the music produced largely by electronic components (synthesizers, samplers, computers and drum machines)
ELECTRONIC MUSIC employs electronic _______ and electronic _________ in its production.
It employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production
one of the largest developments of 20th century music.
ELECTRONIC MUSIC
It was introduced in the early 1950’s
ELECTRONIC MUSIC
The capacity of electronic machines such as synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders, and loudspeakers to create different sounds was given importance by 20th century composers like Edgar Varese and Karlheinz Stockhausen.
ELECTRONIC MUSIC
ELECTRONIC MUSIC
Examples of musical instruments:
• synthesizers
• electronic organ
• electric guitar
• electric keyboard
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
a musical instrument which produce arrangement of electronic sounds
Synthesizer
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
invented by Laurens Hammond in 1930.
Electronic organ
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
It resembles an ordinary pipe organ
Electronic organ
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
a string instrument which uses electric amplification
Electric guitar
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
reproduce the timbre of every note in a piano with accuracy it is also .
Electronic keyboard
ELECTRONIC MUSIC COMPOSER
Edgar Varese
COMPOSER
French American composer born in Paris
Edgar Varese
COMPOSER
Pioneered Electronic music and combined Electronically generated sounds and subjected them to tapes
Edgar Varese
COMPOSER
Enumerate Edgar Varese’s works/creations
• Ionisation
• Poeme Electronique
• Octandre
• Equatorial
COMPOSER
Octandre
Edgar Varese
COMPOSERS
Ionisation
Edgar Varese
COMPOSERS
Equatorial
Edgar
COMPOSERS
Poeme Electronique
Edgar
Also called “aleatory music”.
CHANCE MUSIC
CHANCE MUSIC
What does aleatory mean?.
aleatory; Latin word alea meaning “dice”.
CHANCE MUSIC COMPOSER
John Cage
COMPOSER
born in Los Angeles, California, USA on September 5, 1912
John Cage
COMPOSERS
he is considered the father of indeterminism or aleatory music.
John Cage
COMPOSERS
he often relies on coin flips and dice rolls to decide where or how to place a certain note in his composition.
John Cage
COMPOSERS
Enumerate John Cage’s works/creations
• A chant with claps
• Black mountain piece
• Greek ode
• Three easy pieces
• Triple paced no.2
COMPOSERS
A chant with claps
John Cage
COMPOSERS
Black mountain piece
John Cage
COMPOSERS
Greek Ode
John Cage
COMPOSERS
Triple paced no.2
John Cage
They are free to create their own
Impressionism (in music)
Loud and complicated
Expressionism (in music)
Expressing emotions with exaggeration
Expressionism (in music)
How notes of Chance Music produced?
Notes depends on the result of dice rolls
John Cage often relies on _______ and ______ to decide where or how to place a certain note in his composition
coin flips and dice rolls