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Y11 > Music/Italian Terms > Flashcards

Music/Italian Terms Flashcards

1
Q

The 5 lines on which music is written on

A

Stave

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2
Q

Score

A

Musical name for sheet music

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3
Q

The clef for higher-pitched melody instruments (flute, oboe, violin, soprano voices etc.)

A

Treble clef

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4
Q

Bass clef

A

The symbol/clef for low pitched instruments (Tuba, trombone, bass etc.)

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5
Q

Alto clef

A

The symbol/clef for mid-ranged/low female voices

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6
Q

The symbol/clef for mid-ranged/high male voices

A

Tenor clef

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7
Q

A symbol that makes a note a 1/2 step or a semitone higher

A

Sharp (#)

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8
Q

Flat (b)

A

A symbol that makes a note a 1/2 step or a semitone lower

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9
Q

A symbol that cancels a sharp or a flat from an accidental or key signature

A

Natural

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10
Q

Phrase marks

A

A symbol to indicate the length of a phrase. Helps the performer to know where to breathe.

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11
Q

Tie

A

A curved line to join two of the same pitch. (When played, sounding like one note)

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12
Q

Rapid alternation between the indicated note and the note directly above it

A

Trill

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13
Q

An ornament involving 3 notes, starting on the note above the indicated note

A

Turn

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14
Q

Upper/lower mordent

A

An ornament involving 2 notes

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15
Q

Acciaccatura

A

An ornament involving two or three notes. Sometimes called a crushed note.

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16
Q

Appogiatura

A

Similar to acciaccatura but the notes are played in a variety of rhythm, indicated by the note on the score.

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17
Q

Anacrusis / Up-beat

A

A note or group of notes at the start of a phrase, beginning on an upbeat.

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18
Q

A regular, consistent pattern of beats indicated by the time signature

A

Metre

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19
Q

The ‘heartbeat’ of the music. Although the music may have different rhythms, the pulse will remain steady.

A

Pulse

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20
Q

An interval of silence between notes

A

Rest

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21
Q

When two different rhythmic patterns are played together at the same time

A

Cross rhythm

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22
Q

Polyrhythm

A

When two or more rhythmic patterns, contrasting in metre are played at the same time.

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23
Q

Swing rhythm

A

Syncopated, jazzy rhythm

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24
Q

Stepwise / Scalic

A

Movement of a melody upwards or downwards using the notes of the scale

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25
Q

Leap

A

Movement of a melody upwards or downwards with a jump of one note to another

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26
Q

Passing note

A

A note which links the note before and after, usually on the weak beat of the bar.

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27
Q

Interval

A

The distance between two notes.

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28
Q

Major scale

A

A ‘happy-sounding’ scale, played going up or down, constructed as follows:
Tone, tone, semitone, tone, tone, tone, semitone

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29
Q

Minor scale

A

A ‘sad-sounding’ scale, played going going or down, constructed as follows: Tone, semitone, tone, tone, semitone, tone, tone.

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30
Q

Chromatic scale

A

A 13-note scale, where every note is a semitone apart.

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31
Q

Blues scale

A

A major scale with a flattened 3rd and 7th, which replace the 2nd and 6th notes.

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32
Q

Bend / slide / glissando

A

A slide from one note to the next.

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33
Q

Range

A

The notes indicating the highest note to the lowest note in a piece of music, instrument or voice.

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34
Q

Diatonic

A

Harmony using notes from a scale (sounding normal to us)

35
Q

Dissonant

A

Harmony using notes outside the key, creating dissonances (clashes). Often employed to create suspense or tension

36
Q

Atonal

A

Music without any sense of key.

37
Q

Harmony of mainly using notes of a semitone apart.

A

Chromatic

38
Q

Major chord

A

A ‘happy-sounding’ chord.

39
Q

Minor chord

A

A ‘sad-sounding’ chord.

40
Q

A triad with an added 4th note (7th note above the root)

A

Seventh chord

41
Q

Tonic chord (I)

A

The ‘home chord’, built on the root note of the key.

42
Q

Sub-dominant chord (IV)

A

A ‘primary chord’, built on the 4th note of the key.

43
Q

Dominant chord (V)

A

A ‘primary chord’, built on the 4th note of the key.

44
Q

Blue note

A

A note that has been altered/flattened in blues music, most frequently the 3rd, 5th or 7th degree of the scale

45
Q

Perfect cadence

A

Dominant to tonic (V - I). Like a full stop. Giving the music a good ending or a sense of completion.

46
Q

Imperfect cadence

A

Ending on the dominant (V). Usually acts as a musical comma. I - V / II - V / IV - V.

47
Q

Plagal cadence

A

Subdominant to tonic (IV - I). Another example of a full-stop or completion but not as strong as a perfect cadence.

48
Q

Interrupted cadence

A

‘Surprise cadence’. Dominant to submediant. Music will feel very unresolved with the ending chord on VI (a chord of opposites). Requires further music to resolve it. (V-VI)

49
Q

Chordal

A

Block chords, simplest way of playing chords.

50
Q

Arpeggiated

A

Also known as broken chords. Playing each note of a chord separately.

51
Q

Broken chords

A

Also known as arpeggiated chords. Playing each note of a chord separately.

52
Q

Triad

A

A 3 note chord

53
Q

Comping

A

Playing a chord sequence to an interesting rhythm on the piano.

54
Q

Primary chords

A

The 3 most important chords in any key. I, IV and V

55
Q

Simple harmony

A

Harmony using only basic chords

56
Q

The sequence of chords in a piece

A

Harmonic progression

57
Q

The speed of the chord changes

A

Harmonic rhythm

58
Q

Moving from one key to another. The change of keys in a piece.

A

Modulation

59
Q

Played in the bass, like a pedal but often with two notes played simultaneously. Sustained creating a ‘buzzing’ or ‘droning’ sound.

A

Drone

60
Q

A 12 bar, repeating chord sequence

A

12-bar blues (I / I / I / I / IV / IV / I / I / V / IV / I / I)

61
Q

Largo

A

Very slow

62
Q

Andante

A

At a walking pace

63
Q

Moderato

A

Moderately

64
Q

Allegro

A

Fast

65
Q

Vivace

A

Lively

66
Q

Presto

A

Very fast

67
Q

Accelerando

A

Gradually getting faster

68
Q

Rallentando

A

Gradually getting slower

69
Q

Rubato

A

Robbed time

70
Q

Pianissimo

A

Very softly

71
Q

Piano

A

Softly

72
Q

Mezzo piano (mp)

A

Moderately soft

73
Q

Mezzo forte (mf)

A

Moderately loud

74
Q

Forte (f)

A

Loud

75
Q

Fortissimo (ff)

A

Very loud

76
Q

Crescendo (cresc)

A

Gradually getting louder

77
Q

Decrescendo

A

Gradually getting softer

78
Q

Diminuendo (Dim)

A

Gradually getting softer

79
Q

Staccato

A

Detached

80
Q

Legato

A

Slurred

81
Q

Arco

A

Bowed

82
Q

Tremolo

A

Playing strings instruments with a rapid up and down of the bow on the string/s.

83
Q

Accent

A

Note played with emphasis

84
Q

Sforzando (sfz)

A

Suddenly loud

Y11 (3 decks)

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