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Current Affairs > MUSIC > Flashcards

MUSIC Flashcards

1
Q

History of music

A

Earliest treatise could be considered to be SAMVEDA which had shlokas and hyms
Natyashastra of Bharatmuni has 6 chapter on musc
Brihaddesi of Matanga Discussed raga at great lengths , distinguished beteeen Marga Sangeet and Desi Sangeet i.e Classical and Folk

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2
Q

History of music

A

Samudragupta is shown playing veena

Post Gupta oeriod Harsha was an accomolished singer

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3
Q

History of music- Mughal

A

Indian music under islamic influence was developed under sufis
Amir Khusro was one of the bigfest influences
Amir khusro invented bmany instruments and singing styles like khadi hindi boli and Qawallis. His works Laila Majnu ,Ayina I Sikandari

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4
Q

Amir Khusro

Laila majnu

A

Aina i sikandari

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5
Q

History of Music - North India

A

Sarangdeva composed RatnaKara considered Fountainhead os modern Hindustani music ,it distinguished beyween hindustani and carnatic music for first time

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6
Q

History of Music-Bhakti

A

Bhakti was based on musicals
Jayadeva’s geeta govinda in this respect had a huge influence on bhakti
During these times developed bhajans and kirtans ,popular were in Bengal for krishna and Radha

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7
Q

History of Music - Bhakti

A

Kirtans were popularised by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.
Abhhang form from Maharashtra were patronised by Eknath, Jnaeshwara and Tukaram
Shabd style by sikhs and Ashtachapa named after 8 saints was founded by vallabhacharya

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8
Q

History of music -Mughal

A

Tansen and Baijubawras were singers during Akbars time

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9
Q

Hindustani music History

A

Mahor by Vishnu Digamvar and Vishnu Narayan
Major contributions by Vishnu Digambar who started Gandharv Mahavidyalaya and Raghupati taghav raja ram is to his credit
Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande Estabilished Marris College and wrote treatise on classical music and reclassified ragas into raga male, ragini female , and putra children and also developed Thaat System

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10
Q

Modern history of music

A

Majorly by rabindranath tagore and todays time many institutions like sangeet natak academy are teaching

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11
Q

Music Components

A

Swar ,Raga, Tala

Swar are Sargams ,Raga are mood and flabor, Tala is rhythm

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12
Q

Hindustani Music or North Indian

A

Based Strictly on Time theory of Ragad ,there are 6 Ragas based on mood and emotions
Starts with Alap
Styles are Dhrupad ,Dhamar, Thumri,Khayal- Dhrupad and Khayal most popular

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13
Q

Carnatic Music

A

It has Parent Ragas and Derivative Ragas i.e Janak and Janya

starts with Alapna

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14
Q

Dhrupad

A

Hindustani Classical Music dhrupad means fixed words - Performed with Tanpura and Pakhwaja
Serious and sober , spiritual and devotional ,induce spirituality,Form of worship
Two parts are alap and bandish ,Alap is sanskrit syllables like pa ,dha , ni , sa and Bandish is short poem

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15
Q

Dhrupad

A

Baiju bawara , haridas ,tansen developed Dhrupad - in mughal times interest in khayal started
Dhrupad Gharans are Dagar gharana and Darbhanga Gharana

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16
Q

Khayal Music

A

It means imagination, attributed to amir khusro, it is delicate and romantic ,more freedom of structure
It has taans and Boltaans
It has two types slow and fast i.e Vilambit and Drut style

17
Q

Khayal

A

Gwalior gharana , Kinara Gharana

18
Q

Dhrupad vs Khayal

A

Old vs young, spiritual vs romantic , short bandish vs long bandish, sanskrit alap vs may or may not sanskrti akap
Pakhwaaj vs Tabla and harmonium
Alap and Bandhish vs Alap ,bada khayal, chota khayal ,meaning tough to recognise vs easy

19
Q

Thumri

A

Bhakti devotion, romantic ,less rules, much freer than khayal also. Eg Poorab and Punjabi styles eg. Girija Devi
Benaras gharana,lucknow gharana ,patiala gharana

20
Q

Dhamar

A

Play of Lord Krishna ,holi, braj, celebration of festivals

21
Q

Tarana and Tappa And Dadra

A

Tarana are mere tere ,dere ,teem, Nadir etc ,no meang

22
Q

Tappa punjab

A

Dadra is faster than thumri ,mostly in urdu or brajbhasha

23
Q

Carnaric Music

A

Purundara Dasa - Father of Carnatic Music
Venkat Mukhi Swami - theoretical basis and melakarta system
Musicians are Tyagraja ,Muthuswami,Syama Sastri - Trinity of Carnatic Music

24
Q

Elements od Carnatic

A

Shruti, Swar, Raga ,Tala
Emphasis on vocal music a lot , gayaki style
Types Kirti, Varnam ,Padam ,Tillana

25
Q

Himdustani vs Carnatic

A

Styles Thaat vs Melas, 6 ragas vs 72 melakarts ragas, more instrument vs less, instrumtal more vocal, influenced by mughal persian vs nit , Gharanas vs No gharanas
More freedom vs less freedokn, tablan,sarangi,santoor sitar vs flute , violin, veena , mandolin

26
Q

Tantu

A

Stringed eg veena , sitar ,Sarod , Sarangi

27
Q

Susir

A

Wind based Flute etc

28
Q

Avanada

A

beater instruments

29
Q

Ghana

A

Sound making ,gongs , cymbals,majira etc

Current Affairs (14 decks)

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