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Current Affairs > AUGUST 2019 > Flashcards

AUGUST 2019 Flashcards

1
Q

Atal Community Innovation Center

A

establishment of socially inclusive innovation ecosystem
Tier-2, Tier-3 cities, Tribal areas, Rural areas,Aspirational districts, North East (NE) and cities of J&K),Smart Cities identified,Unserved/underserved areas of Tier-1 / Metro cities
Eligible - academic are (UGC) and (AICTE) affiliated Universit Colleges, educational institutions like ITIs & other technical diploma colleges,non-academic are voluntary and otherrs having good experience and exposure in awareness and promotion of Science and Technology.

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2
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UNISA - UN Convention of International Settlement Agreement

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Convention will open for signature on 7th August 2019 in Singapore and will be known as the “Singapore Convention on Mediation”
designed to become an essential instrument in the facilitation of international trade and in the promotion of mediation as an alternative and effective method of resolving trade disputes.
Convention ensures that a settlement reached by parties becomes binding and enforceable

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3
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Time Release Study

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(TRS) is being conducted by the Ministry of Finance as part of its strategic commitment to improve global trade.
every year across 15 ports including sea, air, land and dry ports.TRS is an internationally recognized tool advocated by the World Customs Organization
Objective:Identify and address bottlenecks in the trade flow process and take the corresponding policy and operational measures

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4
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WCO

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World Custom organisation, HQ Brussels Belgium

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5
Q

Xenotransplantation

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The research involves implanting modified animal embryos with human “induced pluripotent stem” (iPS) cells that can be coaxed into forming the building blocks of any part of the body. The modified embryos are then implanted with human iPS cells that can grow into the missing pancreas. The embryos would be transplanted into wombs where they could theoretically be carried to term with a functioning human pancreas. It is the first step towards a future where human organs for transplant could be grown inside animals.

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6
Q

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS)

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iPSC are derived from skin or blood cells that have been reprogrammed back into an embryonic-like pluripotent state that enables the development of an unlimited source of any type of human cell needed for therapeutic purposes. For example, iPSC can be prodded into becoming beta islet cells to treat diabetes, blood cells to create new blood free of cancer cells for a leukemia patient, or neurons to treat neurological disorders.

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7
Q

Stem cells

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Adult stem cells are said to be multipotent, which means they can only change into some cells in the body, not any cell, for example:
Induced pluripotent stem cells, or ‘iPS cells’, are stem cells that scientists make in the laboratory.‘Induced’ means that they are made in the lab by taking normal adult cells, like skin or blood cells, and reprogramming them to become stem cells.Just like embryonic stem cells, they are pluripotent so they can develop into any cell type.
Embryonic are pluripotent can develop into. Any type

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8
Q

Stem cells

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A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop into specialised cell types in the body. In the future they may be used to replace cells and tissues that have been damaged or lost due to disease.
There are three types of Stem Cells There are three main types of stem cell:embryonic stem cellsadult stem cellsinduced pluripotent stem cells
Embryonic stem cells supply new cells for an embryo? as it grows and develops into a baby.These stem cells are said to be pluripotent, which means they can change into any cell in the body.

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9
Q

IMPRINT

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technology exhibition at IIT Delhi, exhibited two flagship schemes of the Ministry of Human Resource (MHRD) namely IMPacting Research, INnovation and Technology (IMPRINT) and (UAY). IIT and IISC
pan-IIT and IISc joint collaboration to develop a blueprint for research of immediate relevance to society requiring innovation, direct scientific research into identified areas, ensure higher funding support
launched in November, 2015 with a view to providing solutions to the most relevant engineering challenges by translating knowledge into viable Technology,IIT and IISC

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10
Q

UAY

A 
UchhatarAvishkar Yojana (UAY)-2015 with a view to promoting innovation of a higher order that directly impacts the needs of the Industry and thereby improves the competitive edge of Indian manufacturing.
UAY projects are funded jointly by MHRD, participating Ministries and the Industry in the ratio of 50:25:25.The scheme focusses on a viable industry-academic collaboration where industry shares a part of the cost of research.
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11
Q

KABIL

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joint venture company namely Khanij Bidesh India Ltd. (KABIL) is to be set up with the participation of three Central Public Sector Enterprises namely, National Aluminium Company Ltd.(NALCO), Hindustan Copper Ltd.(HCL) and Mineral Exploration Company Ltd. (MECL).
.While KABIL would ensure mineral security of the Nation, it would also help in realizing the overall objective of import substitution.The equity participation between NALCO, HCL and MECL is in the ratio of 40:30:30.

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12
Q

Fit and Proper regime

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(RBI) has notified guidelines on Fit and Proper criteria for elected directors on the boards of Public Sector Banks (PSB). (RBI) has mandated that the elected directors of public sector banks (PSBs) are to be appointed by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee (NRC) of the board of the respective banks. all the banks to constitute a Nomination and Remuneration Committee (NRC) consisting of a minimum of three non-executive directors from amongst the board of directors.
To Ensure minimum political intervention
intended to keep centre’s nominated directors away from the PSB board and ensure minimum political intervention.Members of Parliament, state legislatures, and local governments not eligible to be members of PSB boards

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13
Q

Canine Distemper Virus

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Canine distemper is a contagious and serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory, gastrointestinal and nervous systems of both domesticated and wild animals, though it is more common in pet dogs and cats
The virus does not affect humans however they may be carriers.
(ICMR) has confirmed that the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) was responsible for lion deaths in the Gir forest of Gujarat and recommended that the remaining lions be vaccinated to prevent further outbreaks.

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14
Q

Mekong Ganga Cooperation

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Established in 2000, the Mekong-Ganga Cooperation (MGC) comprises of six member countries with an intention of fostering culture and commerce among them.
India Cambodia LaosMyanmar Thailand Vietnam

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15
Q

INF Treaty

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States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles) is a 1987 arms control agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union.
Under the INF Treaty, the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. agreed to eliminate within three years all ground-launched-missiles of 500-5,500 km range and not to develop, produce or deploy these in future.
Us withdrew from it citing violations by russia

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16
Q

Ramon Magsaysay Award

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Indian journalist Ravish Kumar has been awarded the 2019 Ramon Magsaysay Award for “harnessing journalism to give voice to the voiceless”.
The Ramon Magsaysay Award was established in 1957 and is considered as Asia’s premier prize and highest honour.It is named after Ramon Magsaysay, the third president of the Republic of the Philippines.

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17
Q

QRSAM

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Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile (QRSAM) is a missile developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in association with Bharat Electronics Limited and Bharat Dynamics Limited for the Indian Army.[4
QRSAM uses solid-fuel propellant and has a range of 25–30 km.[4] The single-staged missile utilized by the system is propelled using solid propellants.

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18
Q

Institute of Eminence

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The University Grants Commission, has nominated 20 institutions for Institutes of Eminence tag (IOE).Nominations have been made on the recommendations of Empowered Expert Committee (EEC) headed by N Gopalaswami.
Autonomy: Institutes with IOE tag will be given greater autonomy and freedom to decide fees, course durations and governance structures.Grant: The public institutions under IOE tag will receive a government grant of ₹1,000 crore, while the private institutions will not get any funding under the scheme

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19
Q

Genome India

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Ministry of Science and Technology has approved an ambitious gene-mapping project called the Genome India Project (GIP). The project has been described by the researchers as the “first scratching of the surface of the vast genetic diversity of India”.It will enable new efficiencies in healthcare, medicine and life sciences
Genome India Project, a collaboration of 20 institutions including the Indian Institute of Science and some IITs, will enable new efficiencies in medicine, agriculture and the life sciences.mega project hopes to form a grid after collecting 10,000 samples in the first phase
genome is all the genetic matter in an organism. It is defined as “an organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of its genes.

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20
Q

RACE

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Resource Assistance for Colleges with Excellence or RACE, for distribution of faculties and movable assets among government colleges at district level so as to rationalise availability of resources.
Rajasthan Govt Scheme
The needy colleges will inform the nodal college of their district about their requirement, after which the nodal college will send teachers on deputation as per the need as well as provide facilities like projector, digital library, equipment and technician to the applying college.

21
Q

Meghdoot

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Meghdoot App The Ministries of Earth Sciences and Agriculture have launched a mobile application that will provide location, and crop and livestock-specific weather-based agro advisories to farmers in local languages.
It has been developed by experts from the India Meteorological Department and Indian Institute of Tropical meteorology and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.

22
Q

Bandipur Tiger Reserve

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Bandipur Tiger Reserve came into being in 2007.It the largest protected area in southern India and the largest habitat of wild elephants in South Asia, together with the adjoining Nagarhole National Park, Mudumalai National Park and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary. It is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.The
Moyar River originating from the Nilgiri Mountain Range near Pykara, meandering through the Reserve over a length of more than 20 Km. The Tiger Reserve is situated is a distinctive landmass located at the tri-junction area of the States of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

23
Q

Cinematograph Act 1952

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..

24
Q

Kosi Mechi interlinking

A

Kosi-Mechi Interlinking project for interlinking of Kosi and Mechi rivers of Bihar. This is the second major river interlinking projaftrt Ken-Betwa project in Madhya Pradesh.
Kosi is an international river originating from Tibet and flowing through Nepal in Himalayan Mountains and the lower portion through plains of North Bihar.
Eastern Kosi Main Canal (EKMC) system upto river Mechi, a tributary of river Mahananda.
ESMF
Environmental and Social Management Framework.The draft is part of a World Bank-funded project. Released by MOEFCC.

25
Q

Sammagra Shiksha Abhiyan

A 
Human Resource Development is implementing the Scheme of Vocationalisation, a vocational subject is offered for Classes IX to XII along with the general for a variety of occupations.The above scheme is being implemented under the umbrella of ‘Samagra Shiksha – an integrated scheme for school education’.
Samagra Shiksha is an integrated scheme for school education extending from pre-school to class XII to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels of school education.It subsumes the three Schemes of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) and Teacher Education (TE).The scheme treats school education holistically as a continuum from Pre-school to Class 12.
Centre and States is at present in the ratio of 90:10 for the North-Eastern States and the Himalayan States and 60:40 for all other States and Union Territories with Legislature.It is 100% centrally sponsored for Union Territories without Legislature.
26
Q

Samagra Shiksha-Jal Suraksha

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Samagra Shiksha-Jal Suraksha’ Drive has been launched by the Department of School Education & Literacy, HRD Ministry to create awareness about water conservation among all school students in the country.
One Student – One Day – Save One Litre Water.One Student – One Year – Save 365 Litres Water.One Student – 10 Years – Save 3650 Litres Water.

27
Q

Gogabeel

A

Gogabeel, an ox-bow lake in Bihar’s Katihar has been declared as the state’s first ‘Community Reserve’.The water body was notified as a ‘Conservation Reserve’.Gogabeel is formed from the flow of the rivers Mahananda and Kankhar in the north and the Ganga in the south and east.It is the fifteenth Protected Area (PA) in Bihar.
2004, Gogabeel, including the neighbouring Baghar Beel and Baldia Chaur, were given the status of an IBA (Important Bird Area of India) by the IBCN.In 2017, IBCN again declared Gogabeel as an IBA.
Gogabeel is a permanent waterbody, although it shrinks to some extent in the summer but never dries completely.

28
Q

Conservation Reserve and Community Reserve

A

Conservation reserves and community reserves in India are terms denoting protected areas of India which typically act as buffer zones to or connectors and migration corridors between established national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserved and protected forests of India.
Such areas are designated as conservation areas if they are uninhabited and completely owned by the Government of India but used for subsistence by communities and community areas if part of the lands are privately owned
.These protected area categories were first introduced in the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act of 2002 − the amendment to the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.

29
Q

Shillong Declaration

A

The Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances (DAPRG), Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions and Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (MeitY), Government of India in collaboration with the Government of Meghalaya organized the 22nd National Conference on eGovernance at Shillong during 8-9 August 2019.
Improve implementation of India Enterprise Architecture (IndEA). that enables the developmentof Enterprise Architectures independently and in parallel by all governments and their agencies across India, shift in the role of government from Service Provider to Service Enabler, improve connectivity in North Eastern States by addressing the issues and challenges of telecommunications connectivity at grassroot level.

30
Q

Tardigrades

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Microscopic Earthlings known as Tardigrades, likely survived a crash landing on the Moon surface by Israel’s Beresheet probe in April, 2019.Beresheet probe is a private mission to the Moon by Israeli non-profit SpaceIL organisation.
Tardigrades are found in terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments from the Arctic to the Antarctic, including great depths and altitudes.They can withstand extreme radiation, sizzling heat, the coldest temperatures of the universe, and decades without food.Also known as water bears or moss piglets, they are capable of surviving temperatures as high as 150° Celsius and as low as minus 272° Celsius albeit for a few minutes.
They are microscopic, multicellular, and one of the most durable forms of life on planet Earth.

31
Q

Regulatory Sandbox

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The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued the final framework for regulatory sandbox in order to enable innovations in financial technology (fintech) space.
regulatory sandbox usually refers to live testing of new products or services in a controlled/test regulatory environment for which regulators may permit certain regulatory relaxations for the limited purpose of the testing
criteria of minimum net worth of ₹25 lakh as per their latest audited balance sheet,either be a company incorporated and registered in the country or banks licensed to operate in India.While money transfer services, digital know-your customer,-+*/-, crypto currency, credit registry and credit information have been left out.

32
Q

Injeti Srinivas

A

chaired by Injeti Srinivas, secretary, corporate affairs ministry, has submitted its recommendations on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to the Minister of Corporate Affairs (MCA).
CSR is governed by clause 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, India is the first country in the world to mandate CSR spending,
applicable to companies with an annual turnover of 1,000 crore and more, or a net worth of Rs. 500 crore and more, or a net profit of Rs. 5 crore and more. encourages companies to spend 2% of their average net profit in the previous three years on CSR activities.

33
Q

Kondapalli toys

A

Kondapalli toys, cultural icons of Andhra Pradesh, are one of the most sold handicrafts in India and abroad, across online, wholesale, and retail platforms.
The ‘Tella Poniki’ wood gives the toys a unique character. No other wood can be a replacement to make these toys as Tella Poniki is malleable and can be easily chiseled into the desired shape.Kondapalli Toys have been granted the Geographical Indications (GI) tag.

34
Q

Golden Butterfly

A

kilogram of a speciality Assam tea called “Golden Butterfly” was sold for Rs 75,000 at the Guwahati Tea Auction Centre (GTAC), setting a new record.
This hand-crafted tea is made from tender leaves and buds available only around June-July.The tea is named such because only “the soft golden tips go into making this exceptionally rare and special tea”.The tea has an “extremely mellow and sweet caramel flavour.

35
Q

SUPRA

A

Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) has proposed a new scheme, Scientific and Useful Profound Research Advancement (SUPRA) with the objective of funding exploration of new scientific and engineering breakthroughs
Science and Engineering Research BoardIt was set up as a statutory body in 2009 under the Department of Science and Technology to promote and fund research in different scientific disciplines

36
Q

Village Volunteer Scheme

A

In Andhra Pradesh, Village Volunteers System will take governance to the doorsteps of the people.The programme would involve 2.8 lakh volunteers.The volunteers will conduct door-to-door visits and provide the benefits under various programmes to eligible beneficiaries.The volunteers will identify the problems being faced by people in their jurisdiction and take steps towards solving them.Village secretariats would be set up in each village to deliver governance to people in 72 hours.

37
Q

Aadi Mahotsav

A

Centre’s first official function in Ladakh joint initiative of Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India & Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED).
TRIFED came into existence in 1987. It is a national-level apex organization functioning under the administrative control of Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Govt. of India.

38
Q

BASIC

A

BASIC countries recently held their 28th Ministerial meeting on Climate Change in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
a bloc of four large newly industrialized countries – Brazil, South Africa, India and China.

39
Q

Sulphur Do Oxide Emission Greenpeace

A

India emits the most sulphur dioxide in the world as per Greenpeace studySulphur dioxide(SO2)It is a toxic gas with a pungent, irritating smell. It contributes to acid rain.It is released naturally by volcanic activity. It is abundantly available in the atmosphere of Venus.
Greenpeace report:India is the largest emitter of sulphur dioxide in the world, with more than 15% of all the anthropogenic sulphur dioxide hotspots detected by the NASA OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) satellite. Five of the top 10 SO2 emission hotspots from coal/power generation industry across the world are in India, finds a Greenpeace studyThe vast majority of coal-based power plants in India lack flue-gas desulphurisation technology to reduce air pollution.

40
Q

NISHTHA

A

National Initiative for School Heads’ and Teachers’ Holistic Advancement’NISHTHA is the largest teachers’ training programme of its kind in the world.Objective: To motivate and equip teachers to encourage and foster critical thinking in students. By HRD ministry
A Mobile App and Learning Management System (LMS) based on MOODLE (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) have been developed by NCERT.

41
Q

SARAL index

A

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has launched the State Rooftop Solar Attractiveness Index–SARAL.SARAL is the first of its kind index to provide a comprehensive overview of state-level measures adopted to facilitate rooftop solar deployment,creating healthy competition among the States. Karnataka has been placed at the first rank in the index followed by Telangana, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh.
It has been designed collaboratively by the MNRE, Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (SSEF), Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) and Ernst & Young (EY).SARAL is in concurrence with the Government’s target of installing 175 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2022, of which 100 GW of solar power is to be operational by March 2022, (40 out of 100 GW is expected to come from grid-connected solar rooftops).

42
Q

CITES

A

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement to which States and regional economic integration organizations adhere voluntarily.CITES wadopted meeting of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.The CITES Secretariat is administered by UNEP (The United Nations Environment Programme) and is located at Geneva, Switzerland.

43
Q

Appendix I, II ,III

Cites

A

Species may be added to or removed from Appendix I and II, or moved between them, only by the Conference of the Parties.However, species may be added to or removed from Appendix III at any time and by any Party unilaterally.

44
Q

G7

A

three days G7 summit was concluded on August 26, 2019, at Biarritz, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.
As a reflection of strong bilateral relations between India & France, a special invitation was sent to India to become a part of this summit

45
Q

GAFA law And GAFA tax

A

U.S. government is bringing a law which could allow people to see or prohibit the use of their data by tech firms.This will be the first of its kind data protection law in the US at the national level.
law was felt due to rising concern over the compromise of private data held by Facebook, Google, and other information technology (IT) giants.
GAFA’ tax planFrance parliament has approved a new tax on digital giants such as Facebook and Apple.The legislation, called as “GAFA” after Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple, comes amid rising public outrage at the minimal tax paid by some of the world’s richest firms.

46
Q

SHAGUN

A

Human Resource Development Minister has launched world’s largest Integrated Online Junction for School Education ‘Shagun’.It is an online junction of different websites and portals into a single platform to enhance the accessibility of information relating to schools.
School Education Shagun is an over-arching initiative to improve school education system by creating a junction for all online portals and websites relating to various activities of the Department of School Education and Literacy.

47
Q

INSET

A

Integrated National School Education TreasuryUnion Human Resource Development Minister has also announced the setting up of the Integrated National School Education Treasury (INSET).
Reinforcing and cleaning the data of the Integrated Online Junction through feedback from Stakeholders.Ensuring full interoperability among the websites, portals and applications which are already hosted in the junction.

48
Q

ECOLI Bacteria

A 
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacteria that is surprisingly an important aspect of human intestinal tract health. Most E.coli are harmless bacteria and assist in everyday health. However the E.coli that generally make the headlines are pathogenic, which cause illnesses such as diarrhea, or even things outside the intestinal functions.
Usually, the E. coli that causes diarrhea is transferred through food, water, or contact with animals/people who already have E.coli. The infection usually occurs if you swallow miniscule amounts of human or animal feces (this amount is often invisible to the naked eye).
49
Q

Angikaar

A

Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs has launched two initiatives: Angikaar, a campaign for behavioural change and an e-Course on ‘Vulnerability Atlas of India’.
launched for social behaviour change, focusing on issues such as water & energy conservation, waste management, health, tree plantation, sanitation and hygiene for beneficiaries of completed houses under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - PMAY (U).
Vulnerability AtlasIt is a unique course that offers awareness and understanding about natural hazards, helps identify regions with high vulnerability with respect to various hazards and specifies district-wise level of damage risks to the existing housing stock.

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