Music 1st Term Flashcards
Revision for first term Music IB
Dynamics?
The volume of a peice - ranging from pianissimo to fortissimo
Rhythm?
How long a note lasts.
Key features of rhythm?
- Dotted note is a note with half the value on top
- Two notes to be played as a singular note as the value of both notes
- Triplet is 3 notes in the space of 2
Syncopation?
Musical variation, notes played off of the beat
Polyrhythm?
Multiple rhythms played at the same time
Timbre?
How a piece of music or instrument sounds i.e harsh, breathy
Structure, and main type of structure in music?
How a piece of music is structured in regards to different parts. Common structure is ABA, or verse chorus
Melody?
A series of rhythmic singular notes or pitches, the part of a song you will sing or hum to
Conjunct/disjunct?
Steps/leaps
Major/minor scale?
Happy/sad sounding scales?
Scales (heptatonic)?
A group of seven notes or pitches that create a “scale” for specific key signature or melody
Sharp/natural/flat accidentals?
Semitone above/normal note/semitone below
Octave?
Distance between two notes of the same name but a different pitch.
Tone/semitone?
Two notes separated by a black key (2 spaces)/ two notes directly next to each other (1 space)
Instrumentation?
What instruments are used
Texture?
How many instruments are playing at the same time.
Monophonic?
Only one instrument playing something
Homophonic?
Pure =all things playing the same thing
Melody and accompaniment
polyphonic?
Multiple instruments playing different things at the same time i.e a choir
Harmony?
Pitches that are not part of the scale i.e chords
Tonic/dominant?
First note of the scale/ 5th note of the scale
What chords are major in a major scale?
1st, 4th and 5th
What chords are major in minor scale?
3rd, 5th, 6th and 7th
What is a diminished chord?
Two steps between each note in the chord
What is a secondary dominant?
The dominant of the dominant i.e D in a C chord (c to g to d)
What chord usually comes next after a 7th chord?
The 1 chord
General rules of a chorale?
1) Independent voices and no parallel motion (3rds & 6ths allowed)
2) Usually double the root of the chord
3) Avoid dissonance between parts (clashes)
4) Keep parts in their vocal ranges
5) Avoid second inversions
6)
What is a pivot chord?
A chord that changes the key of a piece
Passing notes?
A note that connects two notes that are a third apart in a harmony i.e f will be the passing note from g to f to e
Auxiliary notes?
A note 1 step above or below two of the same notes in a harmony i.e e to f to e.
1st/2nd inversion?
The 3rd is in the bass/ the 5th is in the bass
