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Medical Term > musculosketal system > Flashcards

musculosketal system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-physis

A

growth

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2
Q

cranio

A

skull

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3
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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4
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

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5
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

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6
Q

lumb/o

A

loin, lower back

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7
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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8
Q

dactyl/o

A

finger

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9
Q

carp/o

A

wrist

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10
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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11
Q

femor/o

A

femur thighbone

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12
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia shinbone

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13
Q

tars/o

A

ankle

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14
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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15
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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16
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

small fluid filled sac found near the body’s joint

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17
Q

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

tendon💪muscle to bone

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18
Q

muscul/o, my/o, myos/o

A

muscle

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19
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia, binds muscles together

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20
Q

ton/o

A

tone, tension

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21
Q

kinesi/o, kinet/o

A

movement, motion

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22
Q

tax/o

A

arrangement, order, coordination

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23
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff, bent

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24
Q

costalgia

A

rib pain

cost- rib
algia-pain

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25
Q

metatarsalgia

A

pain in the bones of the foot

meta- after
tars-ankle
algia- pain

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26
Q

ostalgia

A

bone pain

ost-bone
algia-pain

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27
Q

osteodynia

A

bone pain

osteo- bone
dynia- pain

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28
Q

spondylodynia

A

vertabra pain

spondylo- vertebra
dynia- pain

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29
Q

tibialgia

A

shin pain

tibi- tibia
algia- pain

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30
Q

ankylosis

A

joint stiffness
ankyl-stiff
osis-condition

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31
Q

arthralgia

A

joint pain
arthr-joint
algia-pain

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32
Q

arthrodynia

A

arthro-joint
dynia-pain
joint pain

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33
Q

cervicodynia

A

neck pain
cervico-neck
dynia-pain

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34
Q

crepitation

A

a crackling sound heard in joints

from latin for rattle or creaking

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35
Q

genu valgum

A

knock kneed

knee pointed in

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36
Q

genu varum

A

bowlegged

knee bowed out

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37
Q

bradykinesia

A

slow movement
brady-slow
kinesia-movement

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38
Q

dyskinesia

A

inability to control movement
dys-bad
kinesia-movement

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39
Q

dystaxia

A

poor coordination

dys-bad
taxia-coordination

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40
Q

dystonia

A

poor muscle tone
dys-bad
tonia-muscle tone

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41
Q

graphospasm

A

writers cramp
grapho-write
spasm-involuntary contraction

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42
Q

hyperkinesia

A

increase in muscle movement or activity
hyper-over
kinesia-movement

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43
Q

hypertonia

A

increased muscle tone or tightness
hyper- over
tonia- tone

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44
Q

hypokinesia

A

decrease in muscle movement or activity
hypo-under
kinesia-movement

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45
Q

hypotonia

A

decrease in muscle tone or tightness
hypo-under
tonia-muscle tone

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46
Q

myalgia

A

muscle pain
myo-muscle
algia-pain

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47
Q

myasthenia

A

muscle weakness
my-muscle
asthenia-weakness

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48
Q

myodynia

A

muscle pain
myo-muscle
dynia-pain

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49
Q

myospasm

A

myo-muscle
spasm/ involuntary contraction
muscle spasm

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50
Q

tenalgia

A

tendon pain
ten-tendon
algia-pain

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51
Q

arthrocentesis

A

puncture of a joint
arthro-joint
centesis-puncture

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52
Q

arthroscope

A

instrument for looking into a joint

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53
Q

arthroscopy

A

procedure of looking into a joint

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54
Q

electromyogram

A

a record of the electrical activity of a muscle

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55
Q

electromyography

A

procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle

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56
Q

myography

A

procedure for studying muscles

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57
Q

arthrogram

A

visual record of a joint

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58
Q

arthrography

A

procedure used to examine a joint

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59
Q

computed axial tomography (CAT or CT)

A

imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis

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60
Q

kyphosis

A

humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine

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61
Q

lordosis

A

sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine

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62
Q

scoliosis

A

crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

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63
Q

carpitis

A

wrist inflammation

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64
Q

craniomalacia

A

softening of the skull

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65
Q

exostosis

A

an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone

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66
Q

fracture

A

a bone break

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67
Q

osteodystrophy

A

poor bone development

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68
Q

osteolysis

A

bone loss

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69
Q

osteonecrosis

A

death of bone

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70
Q

osteoclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the bone

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71
Q

polydactyly

A

having more than the normal number of fingers or toes

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72
Q

spondylitis

A

vertebra inflammation

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73
Q

spondylomalacia

A

softening of the vertebra

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74
Q

syndactyly

A

fusion sometimes called webbing of fingers or toes

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75
Q

tarsoptosis

A

flat feet

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76
Q

bursolith

A

a stone in a bursa

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77
Q

effusion

A

fluid buildup

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78
Q

hemarthrosis

A

blood in a joint

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79
Q

hydrathrosis

A

water or fluid in a joint

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80
Q

pyarthrosis

A

pus in a joint

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81
Q

atrophy

A

underdevelopment decrease or loss of muscle tissue

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82
Q

hypertrophy

A

overdevelopment of muscle tissue

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83
Q

myocele

A

hernia of muscle tissue

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84
Q

myolisis

A

loss of muscle tissue

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85
Q

myomalacia

A

softening of a muscle

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86
Q

myosclerosis

A

hardening of a muscle

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87
Q

myotasis

A

stretching a muscle

88
Q

myotonia

A

muscle tone

89
Q

anyklosing spondylitis

A

a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae

90
Q

chondro-osteodystrophy

A

poor development of bones and cartilage

91
Q

craniosynostosis

A

the premature fusing of the skull bones

92
Q

dactylitis

A

finger inflammation

93
Q

hypertrophic spondylitis

A

overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation

94
Q

osteitis

A

bone inflammation

95
Q

osteochondritis

A

inflammation of bone and cartilage

96
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta

A

a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly also known as brittle bone disease

97
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of the bone

98
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

99
Q

osteopathy

A

bone disease

100
Q

osteopenia

A

reduction in bone volume

101
Q

osteoporosis

A

loss of bone density

102
Q

spinal stenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of the spine

103
Q

spondyloarthropathy

A

joint disease of the vertebrae

104
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra

105
Q

spondylolysis

A

loss of vertebra structure

106
Q

spondylosis

A

vertebra condition

107
Q

arthritis

A

joint inflammation

108
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

inflammation of the joints it is called rheumatoid because it’s symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever

109
Q

septic arthritis

A

inflammation of the joint caused by infection

110
Q

osteoarthritis

A

inflammation of the joints specifically those that bear weight

111
Q

arthrocele

A

hernia of a joint

112
Q

arthrodysplasia

A

abnormal joint development

113
Q

arthropathy

A

joint disease

114
Q

arthrosclerosis

A

hardening of the joints

115
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of the bursa

116
Q

bursopathy

A

disease of the bursa

117
Q

subluxation

A

partial dislocation of a joint

118
Q

achondroplasia

A

a defect in the formation of cartilage

119
Q

chondromalacia

A

abnormal softening of the cartilage

120
Q

costochondritis

A

inflammation of the cartilage of the rib

121
Q

fasciitis

A

inflammation of the the fascia

122
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

disorder characterized by poor muscle development

123
Q

myoclonus

A

violent muscle contraction

124
Q

myopathy

A

muscle disease

125
Q

myasthenia

A

muscle weakness

126
Q

myofasciitis

A

inflammation of muscle and fascia

127
Q

myoitis

A

muscle inflammation

128
Q

necrotizing fasciitis

A

inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue

129
Q

polymyositis

A

inflammation of multiple muscles

130
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

condition characterized by the loss of muscle control

131
Q

tendinitis

A

tendon inflammation

132
Q

tendonitis

A

tendon inflammation

133
Q

chondroma

A

a tumor like growth of cartilage tissue

134
Q

myoma

A

a muscle tumor

135
Q

myosarcoma

A

a cancerous muscle tumor

136
Q

osteocarcinoma

A

bone cancer tumor

carcino tells where the cancer developed

137
Q

osteochondroma

A

a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also know. as an exostosis made up of cartilage

138
Q

osteosarcoma

A

cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells

139
Q

analgesic

A

a drug that relieves pain

140
Q

antiarthritic

A

a drug that opposes joint inflammation

141
Q

anti inflammatory

A

a drug that opposes inflammation

142
Q

antipyretic

A

a drug that opposes fever

143
Q

carpectomy

A

removal of all or part of the wrist

144
Q

costectomy

A

removal of a rib

145
Q

craniectomy

A

removal of a portion of the skull

146
Q

craniotomy

A

removal of a portion of the skull

bone is replaced

147
Q

external fixation

A

the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside

148
Q

internal fixation

A

the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside

149
Q

closed reduction

A

returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery

150
Q

open reduction

A

returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery

151
Q

metacarpectomy

A

removal of a bone in the hand

152
Q

orthotics

A

a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body

153
Q

ostecomy

A

removal of a bone

154
Q

osteectomy

A

removal of a bone

155
Q

osteoclasia

A

the surgical breaking of a bone often done to remedy a deformity

156
Q

osteoplasty

A

reconstruction of a bone

157
Q

osteotomy

A

incision into a bone

158
Q

prosthesis

A

a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function

159
Q

spondylosyndesis

A

fusing together of multiple vertebrae

160
Q

sternotomy

A

incision into the sternum

161
Q

tarsectomy

A

removal of all or a portion of the ankle

162
Q

tarsoclasia

A

surgical fracture of the ankle

163
Q

arthrectomy

A

removal of a joint

164
Q

arthroclasia

A

the therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility

165
Q

arthrodesis

A

surgical fixation of a joint

166
Q

arhtrolysis

A

loosening of a stiff joint

167
Q

arthroplasty

A

reconstruction of a joint

168
Q

arthrotomy

A

incision into a joint

169
Q

bursectomy

A

removal of a bursa

170
Q

bursotomy

A

incision into a bursa

171
Q

chondrectomy

A

removal of cartilage

172
Q

chondroplasty

A

reconstruction of cartilage

173
Q

fasciectomy

A

removal of fascia

174
Q

fasciodesis

A

binding of fascia

175
Q

fasciopathy

A

reconstruction of fascia

176
Q

fasciorrhaphy

A

suturing of fascia

177
Q

fasciotomy

A

incision into fascia

178
Q

myectomy

A

removal of muscle

179
Q

myodesis

A

binding of a muscle

180
Q

myomectomy

A

removal of a muscle tumor

181
Q

myoplastly

A

muscle reconstruction

182
Q

myorraphy

A

muscle suture

183
Q

myotomy

A

incision into muscle

184
Q

tendectomy

A

removal of a tendon

185
Q

tendoplasty

A

reconstruction of a tendon

186
Q

tendodesis

A

binding of a tendon

187
Q

tenolysis

A

freeing loosening a tendon

188
Q

tenonectomy

A

removal of a tendon

189
Q

tenoplasty

A

reconstruction of a tendon

190
Q

tenorrhaphy

A

suture of a tendon

191
Q

tenotomy

A

incision into a tendon

192
Q

Hx

A

history

193
Q

Fx

A

fracture

194
Q

Tx

A

traction or treatment

195
Q

ACL

A

anterior cruciate ligament

196
Q

MCL

A

medial collateral ligament

197
Q

LCL

A

lateral collateral ligament

198
Q

PCL

A

posterior cruciate ligament

199
Q

C1-C7

A

cervical of the neck vertabrae

200
Q

T1-T12

A

thoracic of the chest vertebrae

201
Q

L1-L5

A

lumbar of the loin vertebrae

202
Q

S1-S5

A

sacral vertebrae

203
Q

DTR

A

deep tendon reflexes

204
Q

EMG

A

electromyogram

205
Q

FROM

A

full range of motion

206
Q

NSAID

A

nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug

207
Q

QA

A

osteoarthritis

208
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction internal fixation

209
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

210
Q

RA

A

rheumatoid arthritis

211
Q

RICE

A

rest ice compression elevation

212
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

213
Q

WB

A

weight bearing

214
Q

WBAT

A

weight bearing as tolerated

215
Q

asthenia

A

weakness

Medical Term (3 decks)

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