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Medical Term > integumentary system > Flashcards

integumentary system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

what does the skin do

A

outer protective barrier, first line of defense, first point of contact w surroundings, largest organ

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2
Q

epidermis

A

outermost layer of skin, large cells that look like scales. squamous cell

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3
Q

dermis

A

deeper layer of skin. fewer cells, thick fibers. home to hair follicles, nerves, and glands. gives skin strength and flexibility.

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4
Q

hair follicles

A

roots of hair. provide nourishment

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5
Q

nerves of dermis

A

detect fine pressure, deep pressure, temp, and pain, makes the skin largest sensory organ in body

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6
Q

glands

A

sweat glands hidro, used to release skin of waste and cool it down

sebaceous glands sebaceo, secrete oil as a moisturizer for skin and hair

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7
Q

what are nails

A

specialized tissue called keratin that protect toes and fingers and give a good base for movement

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8
Q

hair

A

pil/o trich/o

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9
Q

sweat

A

hidr/o

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10
Q

scale

A

squam/o

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11
Q

nail

A

onych/o ungu/o

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12
Q

oil

A

seb/o sebace/o

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13
Q

hardness or horniness of skin

A

kerato

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14
Q

dryness of skin

A

xero

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15
Q

whiteness of skin

A

leuko albo

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16
Q

red

A

erythro

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17
Q

yellow ness of skin

A

xantho

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18
Q

blackness of skin

A

melano

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19
Q

hidden

A

crypt/o

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20
Q

why does difference of skin color happen

A

varying levels of melanin deposited in the basal layer

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21
Q

abrasion

A

scraping of away of skin

ab away
rasion scrape

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22
Q

albinism

A

lack of pigment in skin causing patient to look white

albin white
ism condition

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23
Q

albino

A

a person afflicted with albinism

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24
Q

alopecia

A

baldness

from greek for fox

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25
Q

anhidrosis

A

lack of sweating

an no
hidr sweat
osis condition

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26
Q

comedo

A

a hair follicle that is plugged with sebum (black head, white head)

from latin for to eat up

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27
Q

cyanidrosis

A

blue sweat

cyan blue
idr sweat
osis condition

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28
Q

depigmentation

A

loss of pigmentation

de away
pigment pigment
ation condition

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29
Q

dermatalgia

A

skin pain

dermat skin
algia pain

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30
Q

dermatodynia

A

skin pain

dermato skin
dynia pain

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31
Q

dermatolysis

A

loose skin

dermato skin
lysis loose

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32
Q

erythema

A

redness

from greek for redness

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33
Q

erythroderma

A

red skin

erythro red
derma skin

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34
Q

hemathidrosis

A

sweating blood

also spelled hermatidrosis

hermat blood
hidr sweat
osis condition

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35
Q

hidropoiesis

A

the formation of sweat

hidro sweat
poiesis formation

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36
Q

hyperhidrosis

A

excessive sweating

hyper over
hidr sweat
osis condition

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37
Q

hyperkerotosis

A

excessive growth of horny skin

hyper over
kerat horny
osis condition

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38
Q

hypermelanosis

A

excessive melanin in the skin

hyper over
melan black
osis condition

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39
Q

hyperpigmentation

A

excessive pigment in the skin

hyper over
pigment pigment
ation condition

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40
Q

hypohidrosis

A

diminished sweating

hypo under
hidr sweat
osis condition

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41
Q

hypomelanosis

A

diminished melanin in the skin

hypo under
melan black
osis condition

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42
Q

hypopigmentation

A

diminished pigment in the skin

hypo under
pigment pigment
ation condition

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43
Q

leukoderma

A

white skin

leuko white
derma skin

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44
Q

macerate

A

to soften the skin

from latin for to make soft

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45
Q

onychophagia

A

eating or biting the nails

onych nail
phagia eat

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46
Q

pruritus

A

an itch

from latin for itching

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47
Q

rhytidermia

A

wrinkled skin

rhyti wrinkle
dermia skin

the root is actually rhytid o but cuz dermia has a d they chose one

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48
Q

sebopoiesis

A

formation of oil (sebum)

sebo oil
poiesis formation

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49
Q

seborrhea

A

discharge of oil (sebum)

sebo oil
rrhea discharge

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50
Q

trichomegaly

A

abnormally thick hair

tricho hair
megaly enlargement

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51
Q

uritcaria

A

swollen raised itchy areas of the skin

from latin for burning nettle

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52
Q

xanthoderma

A

yellow skin

xantho yellow
derma skin

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53
Q

xeroderma

A

dry skin

xero dry
derma skin

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54
Q

xerosis

A

condition of dryness

xer dry
osis condition

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55
Q

centrifugal

A

rash that starts from the middle and works out

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56
Q

centripetal

A

rashes that work from outside in

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57
Q

papules

A

small bump (under 1cm)
a small solid mass
from latin for pimple

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58
Q

nodules

A

bump over 1 cm

a solid mass that extends deeper into the skin

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59
Q

plaques

A

bump that is large and flat

a small mass on the surface of the skin

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60
Q

vesicles

A

small bump under 1 cm filled with clear fluid
a small blister

ves bladder
icle little

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61
Q

pustules

A

small bump filled with pus
pus filled blister
from latin for little blister

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62
Q

bulla

A

larger vesicle such as a blister

from latin for bubble

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63
Q

abscesses

A

larger pustules
a localized collection of pus in the body
ab go
scess away
it means go away cuz old people though bad humors would leave the body through this

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64
Q

macules macula (freckle)

A

small flat discolored area

from latin for spot or stain

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65
Q

patches vitiligo

A

larger flat discolored area

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66
Q

cherry angioma

A

too many blood vessels formed in one area forming a mass
small blood vessel tumor

angi blood vessel
oma tumor

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67
Q

petechia

A

small bruises under the skin

from latin for freckle or spot

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68
Q

ecchymosis

A

larger bruises

from greek to pour out

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69
Q

first degree burn

A

surface layer of skin

only epidermis or superficial layer of skin

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70
Q

second degree burn

A

involves dermis and epidermis

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71
Q

third degree burn

A

injures subcutaneous layer dermis and epidermis

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72
Q

fourth degree burns

A

underlying tissues such as bone muscle or fascia

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73
Q

cultured

A

being sampled to see if it has bacteria virus or fungus

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74
Q

skin biopsy

A

looking at skin under microscope

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75
Q

excisional

A

removal of a part of the lesion

76
Q

shave biopsy

A

slice of blade to remove skin

77
Q

tumor

A

a larger solid mass

78
Q

erosion

A

loss of skin
e away
rosion gnaw eat
ros is how we get rodent because they gnaw on everything

79
Q

ulcer

A

a sore

from latin for sore

80
Q

excoriation

A

a scratch
ex out
cori skin
ation condition

81
Q

fissure

A

a crack in the skin

from latin for a split or divide

82
Q

scale

A

skin flaking off

83
Q

crust

A

a dried substance blood or pus on the skin

84
Q

vascular lesion

A

wounds related to blood vessels

vascular lesion blood vessel wound

85
Q

telangiectasia (spider angioma)

A

the over expansion of the end of a blood vessel; sometimes called a spider angioma because of how it looks on the skin

tel end
angi blood vessel
ectasia expansion

86
Q

cicatrix (plural: cicatrices)

A

scar

from latin for scar

87
Q

keloid

A

overgrowth of a scar tissue

kel tumor
oid resembling

88
Q

epidermal tumors

A

tumors on the skin

epi upon
derm skin
al tumor pertaining to tumor

88
Q

nevus

A

mole

from latin for birthmark or mole

89
Q

dysplastic nevus

A

a mole w bad changes/formations often precancerous

dys bad
plastic nevus formation mole

90
Q

verruca

A

wart

from latin for wart

91
Q

culture and sensitivity (C&S)

A

growing microorganism in isolation in order to determine which drugs they might respond to

92
Q

Biopsy (Bx)

A

removal of tissue in order to examine it with your own two eyes

bi two
ops eye
y procedure

93
Q

excisional biopsy

A

removal of an entire lesion for examination to cut out

ex out
cision cut
al pertaining to

94
Q

incisional biopsy

A

removal of a portion of a lesion for examination to cut into

in in
cision cut
al pertaining to

95
Q

dermatoscope

A

instrument used to look at the skin

dermato skin
scope instrument to look

96
Q

dermoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the skin

root changes from dermato to derm when the suffix changes from scope to scopy just cuz it sounds better

97
Q

adipocele

A

a hernia filled with fatty tissue
cele originally means tumor or swelling but is often used for hernia
adipo fat
cele tumor or hernia

98
Q

dermatofibroma

A

a fibrous skin tumor
dermato skin
fibr fiber
oma tumor

99
Q

erythrocyanosis

A

a red and or blue discoloration of the skin

erytho red
cyan blue
osis condition

100
Q

keratogenic

A

causing horny tissue development
kerato horny
gen creation
ic pertaining to

101
Q

keratosis

A

horny tissue condition
kerat horny
osis condition

102
Q

necrosis

A

tissue death
necr death
osis condition

103
Q

onychia

A

a nail condition
onych nail
ia condition

104
Q

onychocryptosis

A

an ingrown nail
onych nail
crypt hidden
osis condition

105
Q

onycholysis

A

the loss of a nail
onych nail
lysis loose

106
Q

onychomalacia

A

abnormal softening of a nail
onych nail
malacia softening

107
Q

onychopathy

A

nail disease
onych nail
pathy disease

108
Q

onychophagia

A

eating biting the nail
onych nail
phagia eat

109
Q

pachyderma

A

tough skin
pachy thick
derma skin

110
Q

paronychia

A 
a condition of the tissue around a nail
prefix para was modified to par cuz the root started w a vowel
par around
onych nail
ia condition
111
Q

steatoma

A

a fatty tumor
steat fat
oma tumor

112
Q

xanthoma

A

a yellow tumor
xanth yellow
oma tumor

113
Q

impetigo

A

a highly contagious bacterial infection of the skin

from latin for attack

114
Q

decubitis ulcer

A

bed sore
de down
cubitus ulcer lie sore

115
Q

dermatosis

A

skin condition
dermat skin
osis condition

116
Q

dermopathy

A

skin disease
dermo skin
pathy disease

117
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

a chronic dry inflammatory disease characterized by itching
also called eczema
atopic means not in the right place and thus unusual
a not
top place
ic dermat pertaining to skin
itis inflammation

118
Q

hypertrochosis

A

excessive growth of hair
hyper over
trich hair
osis condition

119
Q

ichthyosis

A

a condition in the skin is dry and scaly resembling fish scales
icthy fish scale
osis condition

120
Q

postpartum alopecia

A

baldness experienced by women after a pregnancy
post after
partum alopecia birth baldness

121
Q

psoriasis

A

a skin condition characterized by patches of itch, red, scaly skin
psor itch
iasis presence of

122
Q

sclerodermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin accompanied by thickening and hardening
sclero hard
dermat skin
itis inflammation

123
Q

scleronychia

A

thickening and hardening of the nails
scler hard
onych nails
ia condition

124
Q

xanthosis

A

yellowing of the skin
xanth yellow
osis condition

125
Q

actinic keratosis

A 
horny skin condition caused by sun exposure precancerous
actin sun ray
ic pertaining to
kerat horny
osis condition
126
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of basal skin cells
basal cell carcin base cell cancer
oma tumor

127
Q

hidradenoma

A

tumor of the sweat gland
hidr sweat
aden gland
oma tumor

128
Q

malignant cutaneous neoplasm

A

a harmful new formation of skin tissues such as skin cancer
malignant cutane harmful skin
ous neo pertaining to new
plasm formation

129
Q

malignant melanoma

A

a harmful tumor of melanin cells
malignant melan bad black
oma tumor

130
Q

squamos cell carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of squamos skin cells
squam scale
ous cell carcin pertains to cell cancer
oma tumor

131
Q

acne vulgaris

A

inflammation of the skin follicles
acne acne
vulgaris common

132
Q

dermatomycosis

A

a fungal skin condition
dermato skin
myc fungus
osis condition

133
Q

hidradenitis

A

inflammation of the sweat glands
hidr sweat
aden gland
itis inflammation

134
Q

mycodermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin caused by fungus
myco fungus
dermat skin
itis inflammation

135
Q

mychosis

A

a fungal condition
myc fungus
osis condition

136
Q

onychodystrophy

A

poor nourishment and development of the nail
onych nail
dys bad
trophy nourishment

137
Q

onychomycosis

A

a fungal condition of the nail
onych nail
myc fungus
osis condition

138
Q

tinea

A

a fungal condition often called ringworm due to its circular appearance
from latin word tinea means worm

139
Q

trichomycosis

A

a fungal condition of the hair
tricho hair
myc fungus
osis condition

140
Q

actinic dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin caused by sun exposure
actin sun ray
ic dermat pertaining to skin
itis inflammation

141
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin
dermat skin
itis inflammation

142
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

A 
inflammation of the skin caused by the discharge of oil sebum
sebo oil
rrhe discharge 
ic dermat pertaining to skin 
itis inflammation
143
Q

steatitis

A

inflammation of fat tissue
steat fat
itis inflammation

144
Q

anesthetic

A

a drug that temporarily blocks sensation
an no
esthetic sensation

145
Q

antibiotic

A

a drug that destroys or opposes growth of microorganisms
don’t work on viruses
anti against
biotic life

146
Q

antihistamine

A

a drug that opposes the effects of histamine
anti against
histamine histamine

147
Q

antipruritic

A

a drug that prevents or relieves itching
anti against
pruritic itching

148
Q

antiseptic

A

a drug that prevents sepsis rotting of flesh by killing microorganisms
anti against
septic rotting

149
Q

epidermal

A

pertaining to skin
epi upon
derm skin
al pertaining to

150
Q

hypodermic

A

pertaining to beneath the skin
hypo beneath
derm skin
ic pertaining to

151
Q

intradermal

A

pertaining to inside the skin
intra inside
derma skin
al pertaining to

152
Q

percutaneous

A

pertaining to through the skin
per through
cutane skin
ous pertaining to

153
Q

subcutaneous

A

pertaining to beneath the skin
sub beneath
cutane skin
ous pertaining to

154
Q

topical

A

applied directly to the skin
topic place
al pertaining to

155
Q

transdermal

A

pertaining to through the skin
trans through
derm skin
al pertaining to

156
Q

chemosurgery

A

removal of tissue that has been destroyed using chemicals
chemo chemicals
surgery surgery

157
Q

chemotherapy

A

treatment using chemicals
chemo chemical
therapy treatment

158
Q

cryosurgery

A

destruction of tissue through freezing
cryo cold
surgery surgery

159
Q

dermabrasion

A

rubbing or scraping away the outer surface of skin
derm skin
an away
rasion rub

160
Q

electrocauterization

A

using electricity to destroy tissue by burning it
electro electricity
cauteriz burn
ation process

161
Q

electrodesiccation

A

using electricity to destroy tissue by drying it
electro electricity
desicc drying
ation process

162
Q

incision and drainage (I&D)

A

to cut into a wound to allow trapped infected liquid to drain
in in
cision cut

163
Q

lipectomy

A

removal of fatty tissues
lip fat
extomy removal

164
Q

liposuction

A

removal of fatty tissue using a vacuum
lipo fat
suction vacuum

165
Q

onychectomy

A

removal of a nail
onych nail
extomy removal

166
Q

onychotomy

A

incision into a nail
onycho nail
tomy incision

167
Q

rhytidoplasty

A

reconstruction of wrinkled skin
ryhtido wrinkle
plasty reconstruction

168
Q

autograft

A

skin transplant taken from a different place on the patients body
auto self
graft transplant

169
Q

homograft (allograft)

A

skin transplant taken from another member of the patients species (homo similar species, allo another person)
homo similar
allo other
graft transplant

170
Q

heterograft

A

skin transplant taken from a species other than the patients
hetero different
graft transplant

171
Q

xenograft

A

skin transplant taken from a species other than the patients
basically heterograft
xeno foreign

172
Q

ABCDE

A

asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving

173
Q

AK

A

actinic keratosis

174
Q

Bx

A

biopsy

175
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

176
Q

derm

A

dermatology

177
Q

ID

A

intradermal

178
Q

SC

A

subcutaneous

179
Q

SQ

A

subcutaneous

180
Q

adip/o

A

fat

181
Q

lip/o

A

fat

182
Q

pachy/o

A

thick

183
Q

steat/o

A

fat

184
Q

xer/o

A

dry

Medical Term (3 decks)

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