Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Flashcards

1
Q

MSK US definition

A

Use of high frequency sound waves to image soft tissues and bony structures for the purposes of diagnosing pathology or guiding real-time interventional procedures

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2
Q

Echogenicity

A
  • Hyperechoic – more reflection, sound back to machine (brighter) – i.e. bone
  • Hypoechoic – less reflection (darker)
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3
Q

Doppler detects _______

A

flow/vascularity

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4
Q

Long and short axis

A
  • Long-axis – parallel
  • Short axis - perpendicular (cross section)
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5
Q

•Acoustic impedance

A

•Resistance to sound waves (water highly impedent)

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6
Q

The deeper US goes ________

A

the lesser the resolution (Details)

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7
Q

Muscle is ___________ (echoic)

A

hypoechoic background (muscle fasciles) w/ hyperechoic strands (septae)

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8
Q

Nerve (echoic)

A

•Hypoechoic parallel lines (fascicles) separated by hyperechoic bands

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9
Q

Ligament (echoic)

A

hyperechoic

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10
Q

Tendon (Echoic)

A

hyperechoic

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11
Q

Advantages of MSK US

A
  • Superior soft-tissue resolution to MR in many cases
  • Real-time imaging / dynamic studies
  • Image not degraded by metal
  • Readily available
  • Patient friendly, radiation-free
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12
Q

Disadvantages of MSK US

A
  • Limited field of view
  • Limited penetration
  • Incomplete evaluation of bone and intra-articular structures
  • Lack of competency and oversight
  • Operator dependent
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13
Q

To get deeper, use __________

A

lower frequency, curved probe

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14
Q

To get superficial details, use ___________

A

Higher frequency, straight probe

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15
Q

Anisotropy

A

Artifact - need to be perpendicular or get darkening

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16
Q
A