Musculoskeletal Systen Flashcards
Tendons
binds muscles to bones
Ligaments
binds bones to bones
ossification
replacement of cartilage with bone
osteoblast
ossify cartilage to bone
produce immature bony tissue that replaces cartilage
osteoctye
nourishes and maintains bones
osteoclast
reabsorb or digest bones
break down bones
diaphysis
shaft of the bone
epiphysis
wider ends on the bone
metaphysis
btw diaphysis and epiphysis
periosteum
surrounding membrane
articular cartilage
cushions joint
compact bone
harder, denser bone
Haversian canals
cancellous/spongy/trabecular bones
mesh like bone tissue (red marrow)
endosteum
membrane within medullary cavity
axial skeleton
skull, spine, chest
appendicular skeleton
upper/lower limbs, shoulder, and pelvis
cranium
2 parietal bones
2 temporal bones
3 sphenoid bones
1 frontal bone
1 occipital bone
1 ethmoid bone
facial bones
2 maxillary bones
2 zygomatic bones
2 nasal bones
2 lacrimal bones
1 vomer
1 mandible
vertebrae
24 vertebrae
7 cervica
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccyx (4 fused together)
true ribs
1-7
false ribs
8-10
radius
outer arm bone
humerus
upper arm bone
floating ribs
11-12
ulna
inner arm bone
carpal bones
8 bones in the wrist
metacarpal bones
5 bones of the palm of hand
phalanges
bones of fingers and toes, 14 in each
femur
upper leg
patella
knee cap
tibia
larger inner bone of lower leg
fibula
larger outer bone of lower leg
tarsal bones
7 bones of ankle
metatarsal bones
5 bones of foot
calcaneus
heel
hip bone
ischium: posterior lower section of the pelvic bone
lilium: upper section of the pelvic bone
pubis: anterior lower section of pelvic bone
bone
oste/o
calcium
calc/o, calci/o
bone marrow
myel/o
straight
orth/o
cranium
crani/o
mandible
mandibul/o
maxilla
maxill/o
vertebra
spondyl/o, vertebr/o
spine
rachi/o
neck
cervic/o
lower back
lumb/o
lamina
lamin/o
disk or disc
disk/o, disc/o
curve
lord/o
posterior curve
kyph/o
crooked/twisted
scoli/o
thorax, chest
thorac/o
clavicle
clavicula/o, clavic/o
scapula
scapula/o
ribs
cost/o
sternum
stern/o
humerus
humer/o
radius
radi/o
ulna
uln/o
carpals
carp/o
metacarpals
metacarp/o
phalanges
phalang/o
femur
femor/o
patella
tatell/o
fibula
fibul/o, pernone/o
tibia
tibi/o
tarsals
sars/o
metatarsals
metatars/o
phalanges
phalang/o
pelvis
pelvi/o
llium
ili/o
ischium
ischi/o
pubis
pub/o
embryonic cell
-blast
to break
-clasia, -clasis, -clast
slipping
-listhesis
softening
-malacia
to grow
-physis
pore, passage
-porosis
instrument to cut
-tome
comminuted
shattered into pieces
spiral
fracture line in spiraled from
transverse
cut in the middle, in half
greenstick
bent, not fully cut through
kyphosis
curved posteriorly
lordosis
curved anteriorly
joint
arthr/o, articul/o
cartilage
chondro/o
ligament
ligament/o
tendon
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
bursa
burs/o
synovial
synov/o
watery flow
rheumat/o
stiff
ankyl/o
to bind together
-desis
narrowing
-stenosis