Musculoskeletal System PPT

Question 1

Where does hematopoiesis occur?

Answer 1

bone marrow

Question 2

Functions of bone: (5)

Answer 2

support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell formation

Question 3

What type of bone?

shaft plus two ends, primarily consists of compact bone with some spongy bone in its interior.

Answer 3

long

Question 4

What type of bone?

Square-like in shape, contains mostly spongy bone

Answer 4

short

Question 5

What type of bone?

Thin, flattened and often curved, two roughly parallel compact bone surfaces with a layer of spongy bone between.

Answer 5

flat

Question 6

What type of bone?

Many projections, vary in shape, mainly spongy bone enclosed by thin layers of compact bone

Answer 6

irregular

Question 7

A fibrous connective tissue that covers bone
Contains osteoblasts (bone forming cells), blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels

Answer 7

periosteum

Question 8

when ___ is stretched or torn, it results in PAIN

Answer 8

periosteum

Question 9

Lines medullary cavity, also contains osteoblasts

Answer 9

endosteum

Question 10

Shaft; Compact bone surrounding a medullary cavity containing marrow

Answer 10

Diaphysis

Question 11

end of bone; contains epiphyseal line/plate

Answer 11

Epiphyses

Question 12

Made up of spongy bone covered by compact bone, ends are covered with hyaline cartilage for articulation between bones

Answer 12

Epiphyses

Question 13

A remnant of the epiphyseal plate following ossicfication or closure of the growth plate during adolescence or early adulthood

Answer 13

epiphyseal line

Question 14

Hollow tube-like structure in diaphysis lined with endosteum which contains osteoblasts required for bone repair and remodeling

Answer 14

Medullary cavity

Question 15

___ marrow is replaced with ___ marrow in adults.

What type of bone?

Answer 15

red, yellow, long

Question 16

Where is red bone marrow found in adults? (5)

Answer 16

cranium, vertebral bodies, ribs, sternum, ilia

Question 17

where is bone marrow aspiration for diagnosis of leukemia done? (2)

Answer 17

sternum, ilia

Question 18

decrease in bone mass and density

Answer 18

osteoporosis

Question 19

funtions of skeletal muscle: (4)

Answer 19

1. Facilitates movement
2. Maintains body position by muscle tone
3. Stabilize joints
4. Maintain body temperature by producing heat through muscle contraction

Question 20

striated muscle is dpund in what type of muscle cells?

Answer 20

skeletal

Question 21

bundles of muscle fibers covered by connective tissue

Answer 21

striated muscle

Question 22

tumors can arise in both ___ and ___ muscle

Answer 22

striated. smooth

Question 23

a ___ attaches end of the muscle to the bone to articulate at a joint

Answer 23

tendon

Question 24

a ___ attaches 2 bones

Answer 24

ligament

Question 25

a tear in __ is a strain

Answer 25

tendon

Question 26

a tear in __ is a sprain

Answer 26

ligament

Question 27

have little blood supply and healing is difficult and slow: (2)

Answer 27

tendon, ligament

Question 28

most common type of joint in body

Answer 28

synovial joint

Question 29

most common type of joint in body

Answer 29

synovial joint

Question 30

lines the joint space at the edge of the articulating cartilage, produces synovial fluid, well supplied with blood vessels

Answer 30

synovial membrane

Question 31

fluid filled sacs composed of synovial membrane and act as additional cushions in the joint

Answer 31

bursae

Question 32

insertion of lens directly into joint space

Answer 32

arthroscopy

Question 33

Diagnostic tests for disease of joint(s): (3)

Answer 33

arthroscopy, MRI, removal (and testing) of synovial fluid

Question 34

Break in the rigid structure or continuity of the bone

Answer 34

fracture

Question 35

Type of fracture: | single break in the bone; bone ends maintain alignment and position

Answer 35

simple

Question 36

Type of fracture: | multiple fracture lines and bone fragments

Answer 36

Comminuted

Question 37

Type of fracture: | bone is crushed or collapses into small pieces, common in vertebrae

Answer 37

compression

Question 38

Type of fracture: | one end of the bone is forced or telescopes into adjacent bone; head of femur into pelvis

Answer 38

impacted

Question 39

Type of fracture: | from weakness in bone structure due to pathological conditions like cancer, osteoporosis

Answer 39

pathological

Question 40

Type of fracture: | results from repeated stress over time- tibia and fibula

Answer 40

stress

Question 41

Type of fracture: | fracture in skull when bone is forced inward on the brain

Answer 41

depressed

Question 42

Type of fracture: | direction of fracture line across the bone

Answer 42

transverse

Question 43

Type of fracture: | break along the axis of the bone

Answer 43

linear

Question 44

Fixing the Fracture: | treated by manipulation without surgical intervention

Answer 44

External or closed reduction

Question 45

Fixing the Fracture: use of direct or indirect manipulation of the fracture and fragments; involves application or insertion of appliance to achieve and maintain reduction

Answer 45

open reduction

Question 46

Fixing the Fracture: | use of splint/cast

Answer 46

external fixation

Question 47

Fixing the Fracture: | use of splint/cast

Answer 47

external fixation

Question 48

Fixing the Fracture: | use of metal pins, plates, screws, rods, nails to maintain reduction

Answer 48

internal fixation

Question 49

healing in faulty position; impairs normal function, cosmetic deficiencies

Answer 49

malunion

Question 50

takes longer than normal to heal; results from infection, inadequate immobilization, limited blood supply, loss of bone at fracture site

Answer 50

delayed union

Question 51

healing process has completely stopped fragments remain ununited with prolonged immobilization; defect – fibrous tissue and cartilage

Answer 51

nonunion

Question 52

examples of ___ bone are the Humerus, femur

Answer 52

long

Question 53

examples of ___ bone are the bones of wrist and ankle

Answer 53

short

Question 54

examples of ___ bone are the Sternum, ribs, and most skull bones

Answer 54

flat

Question 55

examples of ___ bone are the Vertebrae, hip bones, mandible

Answer 55

irregular

Question 56

5 primary bone tumors:

Answer 56

osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, multiple myeloma

Question 57

cancers that mets to bone most often: (3)

Answer 57

prostate, breast, lung