Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
what causes myositis
histotoxic clostridium sp
C. chauvoei, C. septicum, C. novyi
what causes arthritis
streptococcus mycoplasma bovis lyme disease chlamydia erysipelothrix
what causes osteomyelitis
trauma/implants and secondary bacterial inf. septicemia fungal infections (coccidioidiosis) brucellosis actinomyces bovis
Clostridium tetani
Anaerobic Gram + rod terminal endospores (matchstick) soil and feces contaminated wounds neurotoxin- tetanospasmin -> spastic paralysis
Clostridium botulinum
toxin types A-G
neurotoxin- botulism –> flaccid paralysis
food intoxication (food poisoning)
distributed in bloodstream
occasionally wounds and intestinal (infant botulism/shaker foal)- inhibits neurotransmitter release ACh
Aquatic bird botulism- maggots concentrate toxin
Clostridium chauvoei
black leg -trauma
cattle, sheep, pigs
Clostridium septicum
Histotoxic malignant edema- through wounds braxy(abomasitis) necrotic dermatitis (chicken) cattle, sheep, pigs, chicken
Clostridium novyi (A,B,C)
histotoxic
Gas gangrene, black disease (necrotic hepatitis)
Clostridium hemolyticum
bacillary hemoglobinuria (liver affected) cattle and sheep
Clostridium sordelli
gas gangrene
cattle, sheep
Clostridium colinum
ulcerative enteritis (quail disease) quail and other birds
Histotoxic clostridium general characteristics
Endospores- soil and GI tract rapid growth anaerobic conditions fermentative/proteolytic activities Exotoxins/extracellular enzymes invasive infections myositis
Histotoxic clostridium species
C. chauvoei
C. septicum
C. novyi
C. perfringens
histotoxic clostridium disease
cellulitis, necrotic myositis often moves along fasical planes lesions- hemorrhagic, edematous or dry sudden death gas and crepitus fever, anorexia, depression, lameness
How do you diagnosis a histotoxic clostridium infection
Direct fluorescent antibody staining test (DFA)
practical and fast
